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水声通信及网络技术综述

杨健敏 王佳惠 乔钢 刘凇佐 马璐 何鹏

杨健敏, 王佳惠, 乔钢, 刘凇佐, 马璐, 何鹏. 水声通信及网络技术综述[J]. 电子与信息学报, 2024, 46(1): 1-21. doi: 10.11999/JEIT230424
引用本文: 杨健敏, 王佳惠, 乔钢, 刘凇佐, 马璐, 何鹏. 水声通信及网络技术综述[J]. 电子与信息学报, 2024, 46(1): 1-21. doi: 10.11999/JEIT230424
YANG Jianmin, WANG Jiahui, QIAO Gang, LIU Songzuo, MA Lu, HE Peng. Review of Underwater Acoustic Communication and Network Technology[J]. Journal of Electronics & Information Technology, 2024, 46(1): 1-21. doi: 10.11999/JEIT230424
Citation: YANG Jianmin, WANG Jiahui, QIAO Gang, LIU Songzuo, MA Lu, HE Peng. Review of Underwater Acoustic Communication and Network Technology[J]. Journal of Electronics & Information Technology, 2024, 46(1): 1-21. doi: 10.11999/JEIT230424

水声通信及网络技术综述

doi: 10.11999/JEIT230424
详细信息
    作者简介:

    杨健敏:男,副教授,研究方向为水声通信及组网

    王佳惠:女,硕士生,研究方向为水声通信及组网

    乔钢:男,教授,研究方向为水声通信及组网

    刘凇佐:男,教授,研究方向为水声通信及组网

    马璐:女,教授,研究方向为水声通信及组网

    通讯作者:

    乔钢 qiaogang@hrbeu.edu.cn

  • 中图分类号: TN929.3

Review of Underwater Acoustic Communication and Network Technology

  • 摘要: 水声通信(UAC)及网络技术在海洋环境监测、商业领域和军事领域等诸多方面发挥着重要作用,关心海洋、认识海洋、经略海洋离不开水声通信及网络技术的发展。该文对水声通信技术和水声通信网络(UACN)进行综述,首先回顾了水声通信技术和水声通信网络的发展,总结了水声信道的特点。然后,对于水声通信技术中的非相干调制技术、相干调制技术以及以应用需求为导向的新型通信技术进行陈述。随后,对于水声通信网络中数据链路层媒介接入控制协议、网络层的路由协议和跨层设计进行分类探讨。最后,对目前水声通信及网络技术的不足进行总结,并且对未来水声通信及网络技术的发展进行展望。
  • 图  1  广义水声通信网络

    图  2  3种协议体系对比

    图  3  水声通信技术的发展历程

    图  4  Seaweb网络的发展历程

    图  5  全双工水声通信

    图  6  仿生水声通信

    图  7  MAC协议分类

    图  8  TDMA协议分类

    图  9  VBF协议转发原理

    图  10  FBR协议转发原理

    图  11  DFR协议转发原理

    表  1  各种水下通信方式的优缺点

    通信方式 传输速率 带宽 时延 传输距离 通信信道的影响因素
    水下电磁波通信 较高 较高 较低 极短 介电常数,电导率等
    水下光通信 较高 较低 较短 介质的对光的吸收、散射等
    水声通信 较低 较高 较长 介质的压力、温度等
    下载: 导出CSV

    表  2  路由协议的特点与主要缺点

    序号 路由协议 特点 主要缺点
    1 VBF[87] (1)基于位置的路由方案
    (2)只有少数节点参与路由,其他节点处于空闲状态
    (3)允许特定节点转发以减少网络流量
    (1)在稀疏网络中,性能不佳
    (2)无法恢复无效区域
    (3)难以找到合适的路由半径阈值
    2 HH-VBF[89] (1)数据传输采用逐跳技术
    (2)在稀疏区域,比VBF性能更好
    (1)比VBF更多的数据包开销
    (2)端到端时延较高
    3 FBR[90] (1)节点只知道其位置和目的地的位置
    (2)通过保持不同的功率水平来降低能耗
    (3)吞吐量较高
    (1)该方案增加了开销
    (2)由于接收节点是固定的,网络受到更多限制
    4 DFR[91] (1)通过泛洪传输数据
    (2)比VBF更短的端到端时延和更少的通信开销
    (1)泛洪导致能耗高
    5 DBR[92] (1)节点路由决策仅依赖于深度
    (2)在密集网络中具有良好的性能
    (1)上层节点或因过度转发死亡
    (2)稀疏网络中性能不佳
    6 EEDBR (1)是DBR协议的扩展
    (2)综合考虑能量和深度选择最佳中继
    (1)无多路径通信机制
    (2)由于噪声和多径衰落,存在较高误码率
    7 D-DBR[93] (1)基于无定位接收节点的路由协议
    (2)DBR协议的扩展
    (3)数据包转发使用对角线距离的方法
    (1)没有从空洞区域恢复的方法
    (2)稀疏网络中,数据包送达率不佳
    下载: 导出CSV
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  • 收稿日期:  2023-05-15
  • 修回日期:  2023-11-06
  • 网络出版日期:  2023-11-14
  • 刊出日期:  2024-01-17

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