基于非均匀DCT的量化索引调制隐写

邓艺; 赵险峰; 冯登国

doi:10.3724/SP.J.1146.2008.01399

基于非均匀DCT的量化索引调制隐写

doi: 10.3724/SP.J.1146.2008.01399

计量
- 文章访问数: 4060
- HTML全文浏览量: 91
- PDF下载量: 872
- 被引次数: 0
出版历程
- 收稿日期: 2008-11-03
- 修回日期: 2009-11-23
- 刊出日期: 2010-02-19

Quantization Index Modulation Steganography Based on the Nonuniform DCT

摘要

摘要: 基于量化索引调制(QIM)的隐写技术正日益受到隐写分析的威胁。该文将通常在DCT域隐写的做法改为在非均匀DCT域进行，将参数作为密钥，提出了一种NDCT-QIM图像隐写方法。由于在攻击者猜测的域中，嵌入信号具有扩散性，NDCT-QIM方法不利于隐写分析对隐写特征的检测，分析和实验表明，它能够更好地抵御基于梯度能量、直方图及小波统计特征等常用统计量的隐写分析，增强了隐写的隐蔽性。
- 信息隐藏; 信息安全; 图像隐写; 非均匀离散余弦变换; 量化索引调制
Abstract: Steganography based on Quantization Index Modulation (QIM) is being increasingly threatened by steganalysis. This paper improves the existing steganographic methods embedding data in Non-uniform Discrete Cosine Transform (NDCT) domain instead of more commonly used Discrete Cosine Transform (DCT) domain, and proposes the NDCT-QIM image steganography which uses the parameters of NDCT as its secret key. Since the embedded signal disperses in the domain guessed by an attacker, the NDCT-QIM method makes steganalysis difficult to detect the characteristics of steganography. The analysis and experiments show that it improves the covertness of embedded signal, and is more resistant to the commonly used steganalysis methods, including those respectively based on testing gradient energy, histogram, wavelet characteristics, etc.

HTML全文

参考文献(1)

Johnson N and Jajodia S. Exploring steganography: seeing the unseen[J]. IEEE Computer, 1998, 31(2): 26-34.[2]Sutaone M S and Khandare M V. Image based steganography using LSB insertion technique[C]. IET International Conference on Wireless, Mobile and Multimedia Networks, Mumbai, India, 2008: 146-151.[3]Noda H, Niimi M, and Kawaguchi E. Steganographic Methods Focusing on BPCS Steganography[M]. Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Publisher, 2007: 189-229.[4]Huang C H, Chuang S C, and Wu J L. Digital-invisible-ink data hiding based on spread-spectrum and quantization techniques[J].IEEE Transactions on Multimedia.2008, 10(4):557-569[5]Chen B and Wornell G W. Quantization index modulation methods for digital watermarking and information embedding of multimedia[J].Journal of VLSI Signal Processing.2001, 27(1-2):7-33[6]Lie W N and Lin G S. A feature-based classification technique for blind image steganalysis[J].IEEE Transactions on Multimedia.2005, 7(6):1007-1020[7]Malik H.[J].Subbalakshmi K P, and Chandramouli R. Steganalysis of QIM-based data hiding using kernel density estimation[C]. Proc. MMSec07. Dallas, Texas, USA.2007,:-[8]Lyu S and Farid H. Detecting hidden messages using higher-order statistics and support vector machines[C]. Proc. IH02. Noordwijkerhout, Netherlands, 2002, LNCS, Vol. 2578: 340-354.[9]Xuan G, Shi Y Q, Gao J, Zou D, Yang C, Zhang Z, Chai P, Chen C, and Chen W. Steganalysis based on multiple features formed by statistical moments of wavelet characteristic function[C]. Proc. IH05, Barcelona, Spain, 2005.LNCS, Vol. 3727: 262-277.[10]Noda H, Niimi M, and Kawaguchi E. Application of QIM with dead zone for histogram preserving JPEG steganography[C]. Proc. ICIP05. Genova, Italy, 2005. Vol. 2: 1082-1085.[11]Solanki K, Sullivan K, Madhow U, Manjunath B S, and Chandrasekaran S. Statistical restoration for robust and secure steganography[C][J].Proc. ICIP05. Genova, Italy.2005, Vol. 2:1118-1121[12]Zhao X F, Xia B B, and Deng Y. Strengthening QIM-based watermarking by non-uniform discrete cosine transform[C][J].Proc. IH08. Santa Barbara, USA.2008, LNCS 5284:309-324[13]Fridrich J, Baldoza A C, and Simart R J. Robust digital watermarking based on key-dependent basis functions[C][J].Proc. IH98. Portland, Oregon, USA.1998, LNCS 1525:143-157[14]Xie L, Zhang J S, and He H J. A novel robust audio watermarking scheme based on nonuniform discrete fourier transform[J]. Chinese Journal of Computers, 2006, 29(9): 1711-1721.[15]Dietl W, Meerwald P, and Uhl A. Protection of wavelet-based watermarking systems using filter parametrization[J].Signal Processing.2003, 83(10):2095-2116

施引文献

资源附件(0)

访问统计