基于三维小波变换的视频水印嵌入与盲提取算法

霍菲菲; 高新波

doi:10.3724/SP.J.1146.2005.00757

基于三维小波变换的视频水印嵌入与盲提取算法

doi: 10.3724/SP.J.1146.2005.00757

基金项目:

教育部留学归国人员实验室、新世纪优秀人才支持计划(NCET-04- 0948)和教育部重点项目(104173)资助课题

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出版历程
- 收稿日期: 2005-06-27
- 修回日期: 2006-03-13
- 刊出日期: 2007-02-19

A 3D Wavelet Based Video Watermarking Embedding and Blind Extraction Algorithm

摘要

摘要: 为了寻求有效的数字媒体保护方法，该文提出了一种在三维小波变换域内基于二值运算的数字视频水印嵌入算法。为了实现水印的获取，提出了一种相应的水印盲提取算法。水印的嵌入与提取算法每次只对4帧图像进行小波分解，不仅充分利用了小波变换良好的空时多分辨特性，而且占用内存空间少、时延低，适合视频流的在线水印嵌入和提取，并易于硬件的实时实现。实验结果表明，该文所提出的视频水印算法对高斯噪声、MPEG编码、帧平均、帧抽取和帧置乱具有良好的鲁棒性。
- 数字视频水印;三维小波变换;实时嵌入;盲检测
Abstract: To develop an effective digital media protection method, an algorithm for digital video watermarking is proposed based on binary operation in 3D wavelet transform domain. For realizing the extraction of watermark image, a blind detection and restoration algorithm is presented, which does not require the original video. The proposed watermarking embedding and extracting algorithm uses only four image frames for performing wavelet decomposition per operation with lower memory demands and short delay, which suits for watermark online embedding and extracting and real-time implementation with hardware. The experimental results illustrate that the proposed watermarking algorithm is robust to video degradation and distortion attacks, such as Gaussian noise, MPEG coding, frame averaging, frame dropping and frame swapping.

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[1] Cox I J, Kilian J, and Leighton F T, et al.. Secure spread spectrum watermarking for multimedia. IEEE Trans. on Image Processing, 1997, 12(6): 1672－1687. [2] Hsu C T and Wu J L. Hidden digital watermarking in images[J].IEEE Trans. on Image Processing.1999, 8(1):58- [3] Hartung F and Kutter M. Multimedia watermarking techniques. Proceedings of IEEE Special Issue on Identification and Protection of Multimedia Information, 1999, 87(7): 1079－1107. [4] Deguillaume F, Csurka G, and Ruanaidh J O, et al.. Robust 3D DFT video watermarking. Proceedings of SPIE Security and Watermarking of Multimedia Contents, San Jose, USA, 1999, 3657: 113－124. [5] 张立和, 伍宏涛, 胡昌利. 基于三维Gabor变换的视频水印算法. 软件学报, 2004, 15(8): 1252－1258. Zhang Li-he, Wu Hong-tao, and Hu Chang-li. A Video watermarking algorithm based on 3D Gabor transform. Journal of Software, 2004, 15(8): 1252－1258. [6] Swanson M D, Zhu B, and Tewfik A H. Multiresolution scene-based video watermarking using perceptual models[J].IEEE J. on Selected Areas in Communications.1998, 16(4):540- [7] Zhang Q and Boston N. A cryptanalytic method for embedding video watermarks. IEEE International Conference on Acoustics, Speech and Signal Processing, Philadelphia, USA, 2005, 2: 813－816. [8] Moyano E, Quiles F J, and Garrido A, et al.. Efficient 3D wavelet transform decomposition for video compression. Proceedings of International Workshop on Digital and Computational Video, Tampa, USA, IEEE Computer Society Press, 2001: 118－125. [9] Hong I, Kim I, and Han S S. A blind watermarking technique using wavelet transform. Proceedings of ISIE International Symposium on Industrial Electronics, Pusan, Korea, 2001, 3: 1946－1950. [10] Zhuang H Y, Li Y, and Wu C K. A blind spatial-temporal algorithm based on 3D wavelet for video watermarking[J].IEEE International Conference on Multimedia and Expo, Xian, China.2004, 3:1727-1730

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