嵌套式超原子实现的无串扰频率-自旋复用多功能器件

张明; 董朋; 陶恩; 杨琳; 韩琦; 何宇航; 侯卫民; 李康

doi:10.11999/JEIT251202

嵌套式超原子实现的无串扰频率-自旋复用多功能器件

doi: 10.11999/JEIT251202 cstr: 32379.14.JEIT251202

张明¹,
董朋^{1, 2},
陶恩¹,
杨琳¹,
韩琦¹,
何宇航¹,
侯卫民^1, ,,
李康³

1.
河北科技大学信息科学与工程学院石家庄 050018
2.
南开大学物理科学学院天津 300071
3.
西安电子科技大学集成电路学院西安 710003

基金项目: 国家重点研发计划(2022YFB4400400)，国家自然科学基金(62105093, 62441401)，国家重点实验室基础科学研究创新基金(IFN20230113)，河北省重大科技支撑项目(24290201Z)，河北省教育厅青年拔尖人才项目(BJK2023036)

详细信息

作者简介:
张明：男，副教授，博士，研究方向为电磁波调控，可重构超表面天线

董朋：男，博士生，研究方向为多功能超表面器件

陶恩：男，硕士生，研究方向为超表面器件智能设计

杨琳：女，讲师，博士，研究方向为微波毫米波集成电路、无线通信射频前端芯片

韩琦：男，讲师，博士，研究方向为光通信和太赫兹电磁调控

何宇航：男，讲师，博士，研究方向为新型半导体材料的太赫兹光子学、电磁超材料的设计与调控

侯卫民：男，教授，博士，研究方向为阵列信号处理、无线通信

李康：男，副教授，博士，研究方向为毫米波功率器件和太赫兹器件

通讯作者:
侯卫民　jerry.ioa.bj@hotmail.com

中图分类号: TN828.4; TN26
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出版历程
- 收稿日期: 2025-11-14
- 修回日期: 2025-12-15
- 录用日期: 2025-12-15
- 网络出版日期: 2025-12-19

Crosstalk-Free Frequency-Spin Multiplexed Multifunctional Device Realized by Nested Meta-Atoms

ZHANG Ming¹,
DONG Peng^{1, 2},
TAO En¹,
YANG Lin¹,
HAN Qi¹,
HE Yuhang¹,
HOU Weimin^{1
, ,},
LI Kang³

1.
School of Information Science and Engineering, Hebei University of Science and Technology, Shijiazhuang 050018, China
2.
School of Physics, Nankai University, Tianjin 300071, China
3.
Faculty of Integrated Circuit, Xidian University, Xi’an 710003, China

Funds: The National Key Research and Development Program of China (2022YFB4400400), The National Natural Science Foundation of China (62105093 , 62441401), The National Key Laboratory of Basic Scientific Research for Innovation Fund (IFN20230113), The Major Science and Technology Support Project of Hebei Province (24290201Z), The Science and Technology Project of Hebei Education Department ( BJK2023036)

摘要

摘要: 电磁波的多种物理自由度为实现超高信息容量的多功能超表面提供了广阔的维度复用空间。然而，现有的多维度复用超表面通常依赖复杂的多层设计或空间划分，导致器件制备成本较高，且信道间往往存在不可避免的串扰。为简化设计并提高信道隔离度，该研究提出了一种基于嵌套式双光谱超原子的无串扰频率-自旋复用单层超表面。通过精心设计，无串扰双光谱超原子的物理结构和电磁响应能够同时巧妙地表示为两个单光谱超原子的线性叠加，显著降低了复用设计的复杂度。作为概念验证，设计并制备了两款超表面器件，分别在由两个频率和两个自旋态组成的4个信道中实现了独立且无串扰的涡旋光束生成和全息成像功能。实验结果验证了多维复用超表面优异的信道隔离性能。该方法为超表面在提升信息容量方面提供了一种简单、低成本且无串扰的解决方案，并在6G多通道无线通信和全息成像等领域展现出广阔的应用前景。
- 超表面 /
- 频率-自旋复用 /
- 无串扰 /
- 双光谱超原子
Abstract: Objective To address high fabrication costs and signal crosstalk in existing multidimensional multiplexed metasurfaces, a crosstalk-free, frequency-spin multiplexed single-layer metasurface based on nested bi-spectral meta-atoms is proposed. Two C-shaped split-ring resonators are physically superimposed to target the Ku band (12.5 GHz) and the K band (22 GHz). This configuration enables four fully independent information channels, defined by two frequencies and two spin states, without spatial division or multilayer stacking. The objective is to demonstrate independent, high-performance vortex beam generation and holographic imaging, providing a simplified and cost-effective solution for advanced 6G communication and sensing systems. Methods A reflective metal–dielectric–metal metasurface architecture is adopted, in which each unit cell integrates an Outer C-Shaped Split-Ring Resonator (OCSRR) and an Inner C-Shaped Split-Ring Resonator (ICSRR). Parameter sweeps performed using CST Microwave Studio are used to select structures that provide high cross-polarization conversion at the target frequencies while maintaining negligible responses in non-target bands. Independent spin multiplexing is achieved through the combined use of transmission phase and geometric phase, controlled by resonator rotation. Two prototypes are fabricated using printed circuit board technology. MS1 is designed for focused vortex beam generation with topological charges l = +1, +2, +3, and +4, whereas MS2 is designed for holographic imaging of the letters “H”, “B”, “K”, and “D”. Device performance is validated by near-field scanning measurements under oblique incidence using a vector network analyzer. Results and Discussions Simulation and experimental results confirm strong frequency selectivity and effective spin decoupling enabled by the nested meta-atom design. The OCSRR and ICSRR dominate the electromagnetic responses at 12.5 GHz and 22 GHz, respectively, and exhibit linear superposition behavior with minimal crosstalk. MS1 generates four focused vortex beams with clearly separated topological charges, achieving an average mode purity of 88.25%. MS2 reconstructs four independent and well-defined holographic images with high channel isolation. The close agreement between measured and simulated results demonstrates the robustness of the device and validates the effectiveness of the crosstalk-free design strategy under practical illumination conditions. Conclusions A reliable approach for realizing crosstalk-free frequency-spin multiplexed metasurfaces using nested meta-atoms is demonstrated. Simultaneous and independent manipulation of electromagnetic waves across four channels is achieved on a single metasurface layer, substantially reducing design complexity and fabrication cost. The successful demonstration of multi-channel vortex beam generation and holographic imaging indicates strong potential for integrated multifunctional applications in next-generation wireless communication and optical systems.
- Metasurface /
- Frequency-spin multiplexing /
- Crosstalk-free /
- Bi-spectral meta-atoms

HTML全文

图 1 本文所提基于嵌套式双光谱超原子的频率-自旋复用单层超表面的工作原理示意图

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图 2 超原子的结构及其仿真结果

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图 3 无中间圆环时超原子的仿真结果

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图 4 单光谱超原子与双光谱超原子的仿真结果

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图 5 超表面MS1的仿真结果和实验测量结果

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图 6 超表面MS2的相位分布、计算结果、仿真结果和实验测量结果

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图 7 超表面样品及其实验测量装置

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表 1 八个OCSRR超原子和八个ICSRR超原子的结构参数

参数	1	2	3	4	5	6	7	8
r₁ (mm)	3.5	3.3	3.3	3.5	3.5	3.3	3.3	3.5
w₁ (mm)	0.6	0.4	0.2	0.3	0.6	0.4	0.2	0.3
β₁ (°)	10	30	60	100	10	30	60	100
θ₁ (°)	0	0	0	0	90	90	90	90
r₂ (mm)	2.3	2.2	2.1	2.2	2.3	2.2	2.1	2.2
w₂ (mm)	0.9	1.1	0.8	0.7	0.9	1.1	0.8	0.7
β₂ (°)	8	20	70	100	8	20	70	100
θ₂ (°)	0	0	0	0	90	90	90	90

下载: 导出CSV

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