嵌套式超原子实现的无串扰频率-自旋复用多功能器件

张明; 董朋; 陶恩; 杨琳; 韩琦; 何宇航; 侯卫民; 李康

doi:10.11999/JEIT251202

嵌套式超原子实现的无串扰频率-自旋复用多功能器件

doi: 10.11999/JEIT251202 cstr: 32379.14.JEIT251202

张明¹,
董朋^{1, 2},
陶恩¹,
杨琳¹,
韩琦¹,
何宇航¹,
侯卫民^1, ,,
李康³

1.
河北科技大学信息科学与工程学院石家庄 050018
2.
南开大学物理科学学院天津 300071
3.
西安电子科技大学集成电路学院西安 710003

基金项目: 中国国家重点研发计划(2022YFB4400400)，国家自然科学基金(62105093, 62441401)，国家重点实验室基础科学研究创新基金(IFN20230113)，河北省重大科技支撑项目(24290201Z)，河北省教育厅青年拔尖人才项目(BJK2023036)

详细信息

作者简介:
张明：男，副教授，博士，研究方向为电磁波调控，可重构超表面天线

董朋：男，博士生，研究方向为多功能超表面器件

陶恩：男，硕士生，研究方向为超表面器件智能设计

杨琳：女，讲师，博士，研究方向为微波毫米波集成电路、无线通信射频前端芯片

韩琦：男，讲师，博士，研究方向为光通信和太赫兹电磁调控

何宇航：男，讲师，博士，研究方向为新型半导体材料的太赫兹光子学、电磁超材料的设计与调控

侯卫民：男，教授，博士，研究方向为阵列信号处理、无线通信

李康：男，副教授，博士，研究方向为毫米波功率器件和太赫兹器件

通讯作者:
侯卫民　jerry.ioa.bj@hotmail.com

中图分类号: TN828.4; TN26
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- 被引次数: 0
出版历程
- 修回日期: 2025-12-15
- 录用日期: 2025-12-15
- 网络出版日期: 2025-12-19

Crosstalk-Free Frequency-Spin Multiplexed Multifunctional Device Realized by Nested Meta-Atoms

ZHANG Ming¹,
DONG Peng^{1, 2},
TAO En¹,
YANG Lin¹,
HAN Qi¹,
HE Yuhang¹,
HOU Weimin^{1
, ,},
LI Kang³

1.
School of Information Science and Engineering, Hebei University of Science and Technology, Shijiazhuang 050018, China
2.
School of Physics, Nankai University, Tianjin 300071, China
3.
Faculty of Integrated Circuit, Xidian University, Xi’an 710003, China

Funds: National Key Research and Development Program of China (No. 2022YFB4400400), National Natural Science Foundation of China (No.62105093 and 62441401), National Key Laboratory of Basic Scientific Research for Innovation Fund (No. IFN20230113), the Major Science and Technology Support Project of Hebei Province (No.24290201Z), Science and Technology Project of Hebei Education Department (No. BJK2023036)

摘要

摘要: 电磁波的多种物理自由度为实现超高信息容量的多功能超表面提供了广阔的维度复用空间。然而，现有的多维度复用超表面通常依赖复杂的多层设计或空间划分，导致器件制备成本较高，且信道间往往存在不可避免的串扰。为简化设计并提高信道隔离度，该研究提出了一种基于嵌套式双光谱超原子的无串扰频率-自旋复用单层超表面。通过精心设计，无串扰双光谱超原子的物理结构和电磁响应能够同时巧妙地表示为两个单光谱超原子的线性叠加，显著降低了复用设计的复杂度。作为概念验证，设计并制备了两款超表面器件，分别在由两个频率和两个自旋态组成的四个信道中实现了独立且无串扰的涡旋光束生成和全息成像功能。实验结果验证了多维复用超表面优异的信道隔离性能。这种方法为超表面在提升信息容量方面提供了一种简单、低成本且无串扰的解决方案，并在6G多通道无线通信和全息成像等领域展现出广阔的应用前景。
- 超表面 /
- 频率-自旋复用 /
- 无串扰 /
- 双光谱超原子
Abstract: Objective To address the challenges of high manufacturing costs and signal crosstalk in existing multi-dimensional multiplexed metasurfaces, this study proposes a crosstalk-free, frequency-spin multiplexed single-layer metasurface based on nested bi-spectral meta-atoms. By physically superimposing two C-shaped split-ring resonators targeting the Ku-band (12.5 GHz) and K-band (22 GHz), the design achieves four fully independent information channels (two frequencies and two spin states) without relying on spatial division or multi-layer stacking. The objective is to demonstrate independent, high-performance vortex beam generation and holographic imaging, offering a simplified, low-cost solution for advanced 6G communication and sensing systems. Methods The metasurface employs a reflective metal-dielectric-metal structure where each unit cell nests an outer (OCSRR) and inner (ICSRR) resonator. Through parameter sweeps using CST Microwave Studio, specific structures were selected to ensure high cross-polarization conversion at target frequencies while maintaining negligible response at non-target bands. Independent spin multiplexing is realized by combining transmission phase and geometric phase via controlled resonator rotation. Two prototypes were fabricated using PCB technology: MS1 for generating focused vortex beams (l= +1, +2, +3, +4) and MS2 for holographic imaging (“H”, “B”, “K”, “D”). Performance was validated via near-field scanning measurements under oblique incidence using a vector network analyzer. Results and Discussions Simulations and experimental measurements confirm the excellent frequency selectivity and spin decoupling of the nested design. The OCSRR and ICSRR dictate responses at 12.5 GHz and 22 GHz respectively, behaving as a linear superposition with minimal crosstalk. MS1 successfully generated four focused vortex beams with distinct topological charges, achieving an average mode purity of 88.25%. MS2 reconstructed four independent, clear holographic images with high channel isolation. The close agreement between measured results and simulations verifies the device's robustness and the effectiveness of the crosstalk-free design strategy under practical illumination conditions. Conclusions This work demonstrates a reliable method for constructing crosstalk-free frequency-spin multiplexed metasurfaces using nested meta-atoms. By enabling simultaneous, independent manipulation of electromagnetic waves across four channels on a single layer, the proposed approach significantly reduces design complexity and fabrication costs. The successful realization of multi-channel vortex beams and holography highlights the potential of this technology for integrated, multi-functional applications in next-generation wireless communications and optical systems.
- Metasurface /
- Frequency-spin multiplexing /
- Crosstalk-free /
- Bi-spectral meta-atoms

HTML全文

图 1 提出的基于嵌套式双光谱超原子的频率-自旋复用单层超表面的工作原理示意图

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图 2 超原子的结构及其仿真结果。仿真通过CST Microwave Studio(CST)频域求解器完成，x、y方向均采用unit cell边界条件，z方向采用open边界条件，频率范围覆盖10～24 GHz。由于这些超原子是自旋无关的，所以这里不区分RCP和LCP入射

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图 3 无中间圆环时超原子的仿真结果

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图 4 单光谱超原子与双光谱超原子的仿真结果

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图 5 超表面MS1的仿真结果和实验测量结果

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图 6 超表面MS2的相位分布、计算结果、仿真结果和实验测量结果

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图 7 超表面样品及其实验测量装置

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表 1 八个OCSRR超原子和八个ICSRR超原子的结构参数

参数	1	2	3	4	5	6	7	8
r₁ (mm)	3.5	3.3	3.3	3.5	3.5	3.3	3.3	3.5
w₁ (mm)	0.6	0.4	0.2	0.3	0.6	0.4	0.2	0.3
β₁ (°)	10	30	60	100	10	30	60	100
θ₁ (°)	0	0	0	0	90	90	90	90
r₂ (mm)	2.3	2.2	2.1	2.2	2.3	2.2	2.1	2.2
w₂ (mm)	0.9	1.1	0.8	0.7	0.9	1.1	0.8	0.7
β₂ (°)	8	20	70	100	8	20	70	100
θ₂ (°)	0	0	0	0	90	90	90	90

下载: 导出CSV

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