子阵频率分集阵列MIMO雷达距离模糊杂波与主瓣欺骗式干扰联合抑制方法

张梦迪; 鲁珈豪; 许京伟; 李世银; 王宁; 刘志鑫

doi:10.11999/JEIT251116

子阵频率分集阵列MIMO雷达距离模糊杂波与主瓣欺骗式干扰联合抑制方法

doi: 10.11999/JEIT251116 cstr: 32379.14.JEIT251116

1.
中国矿业大学信息与控制工程学院徐州 221116
2.
西安电子科技大学雷达信号处理全国重点实验室西安 710071
3.
青岛科技大学信息科学技术学院青岛 266061

基金项目: 国家自然科学基金(62301561)

详细信息

作者简介:
张梦迪：女，讲师，研究方向为合成孔径雷达、高分宽幅成像、波形分集阵列雷达

鲁珈豪：男，硕士生，研究方向为频率分集阵列雷达、MIMO雷达信号处理、电子对抗、空时自适应处理

许京伟：男，教授，研究方向为雷达系统建模、多通道阵列信号处理、空时自适应处理、波形分集阵列雷达

李世银：男，教授，研究方向为无线通信、智能感知与精准定位

王宁：男，教授，研究方向为通信与雷达信号处理、通信感知一体化、雷达探测新技术、智能信息处理

刘志鑫：男，副教授，研究方向为阵列信号处理、雷达/声呐目标检测

通讯作者:
王宁　wangnsky@cumt.edu.cn

中图分类号: TN958.5
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出版历程
- 收稿日期: 2025-10-22
- 修回日期: 2026-01-03
- 录用日期: 2026-01-04
- 网络出版日期: 2026-01-09

Joint Suppression of Range-Ambiguous Clutter and Mainlobe Deceptive Jammer with Subarray FDA-MIMO Radar

1.
School of Information and Control Engineering, China University of Mining and Technology, Xuzhou 221116, China
2.
National Key Laboratory of Radar Signal Processing, Xidian University, Xi’an 710071, China
3.
College of Information Science and Technology, Qingdao University of Science and Technology, Qingdao 266061, China

Funds: The National Nature Science Foundation of China (62301561)

摘要

摘要: 距离模糊杂波与主瓣欺骗式干扰严重制约了雷达空时自适应处理(STAP)的性能。针对此问题，该文提出一种基于子阵频率分集阵列多输入多输出(FDA-MIMO)雷达的杂波与干扰联合抑制方法。具体而言，通过在发射子阵内和子阵间分别引入小频率增量和大频率增量，子阵FDA-MIMO雷达具备了子阵内与子阵间两级距离自由度(DOFs)。通过距离依赖补偿，可在发射空间频域实现真实目标与距离模糊杂波、跨脉冲转发式干扰以及脉内快速转发式干扰的有效分离。随后，在子阵内发射维设计预STAP滤波器，以抑制距离模糊杂波与跨脉冲转发式干扰。最后，采用基于子空间投影的三维(3-D)STAP方法同时抑制本地杂波与脉内快速转发式干扰。仿真实验验证了所提联合抑制方法的有效性。
- 子阵频率分集阵列MIMO雷达 /
- 距离模糊杂波与主瓣欺骗式干扰联合抑制 /
- 跨脉冲转发式干扰 /
- 脉内快速转发式干扰 /
- 空时自适应处理
Abstract: Objective In the downward-looking mode, airborne radar systems face the dual challenge of mitigating strong clutter and mainlobe deceptive jammers in increasingly complex electromagnetic environments. Clutter exhibiting both range ambiguity and range dependence constrains of Moving Target Detection (MTD) in high Pulse Repetition Frequency (PRF) radars with non-side-looking configurations. Mainlobe deceptive jammers further increase the difficulty of detecting the true target. By exploiting controllable range Degrees Of Freedom (DOFs), Waveform Diverse Array (WDA) radars, such as Frequency Diverse Array Multiple-Input Multiple-Output (FDA-MIMO) radar and Element Pulse Coding Multiple-Input Multiple-Output (EPC-MIMO) radar, show clear advantages in suppressing mainlobe deceptive jammers. However, existing WDA-based techniques are limited to suppressing false targets whose delays exceed one Pulse Repetition Interval (PRI) relative to the true target, referred to as cross-pulse repeater jammers. With advances in Digital Radio Frequency Memory (DRFM) technology, the delay of false targets is reduced, enabling the generation of false targets that share the same number of delayed pulses as the true target, referred to as intra-PRI rapid repeater jammers. Furthermore, most anti-jamming methods are developed under Gaussian white noise assumptions and do not consider practical clutter environments. Therefore, a joint suppression framework is required to simultaneously handle range-ambiguous clutter and multiple types of mainlobe deceptive jammer. Methods A joint suppression framework based on a subarray FDA-MIMO radar is proposed for scenarios with coexisting range-ambiguous clutter, cross-pulse repeater jammers, and intra-PRI rapid repeater jammers. Compared with conventional FDA-MIMO radar, the subarray FDA-MIMO configuration employs small frequency increments within transmit subarrays and large frequency increments across subarrays, which provides two-level range DOFs at the intra-subarray and inter-subarray scales. First, a Range-Dependent Compensation (RDC) technique is applied to separate the true target from echoes contaminated by clutter and jammers in the joint intra-subarray and inter-subarray transmit spatial frequency domain. Next, a pre-Space-Time Adaptive Processing (STAP) filter is designed by exploiting range DOFs in the intra-subarray transmit dimension to suppress range-ambiguous clutter and cross-pulse repeater jammers. Finally, subspace projection-based three-dimensional (3-D) STAP is applied to suppress local clutter and intra-PRI rapid repeater jammers. Results and Discussions After RDC, the true target is effectively separated from ambiguous clutter and jammers in the joint intra-subarray and inter-subarray transmit spatial frequency domain (Fig. 3). By exploiting range DOFs in the intra-subarray transmit dimension, the pre-STAP filter achieves effective suppression of range-ambiguous clutter and cross-pulse repeater jammers (Fig. 4). Local clutter in the inter-subarray transmit spatial frequency domain is suppressed by using clutter distribution characteristics in the receive-Doppler domain combined with subspace projection (Fig. 5). This enables accurate estimation of the Jammer Covariance Matrix (JCM) for intra-PRI-inner-bin rapid repeater jammers. Subsequently, 3-D STAP suppresses local clutter and intra-PRI-inner-bin rapid repeater jammers (Fig. 6, Fig. 7). Comparative simulation results show that the proposed framework achieves significantly improved suppression performance under the considered complex scenario (Fig. 8). Conclusions The problem of MTD in scenarios with simultaneous range-ambiguous clutter, cross-pulse repeater jammers, and intra-PRI-inner-bin rapid repeater jammers is addressed. A joint suppression framework based on subarray FDA-MIMO radar is proposed, in which small frequency increments are used within transmit subarrays and large increments across subarrays to enable flexible utilization of range DOFs. RDC achieves effective separation of the target from ambiguous clutter and jammers in the joint transmit spatial frequency domain. By exploiting intra-subarray range DOFs, a pre-STAP filter suppresses range-ambiguous clutter and cross-pulse repeater jammers. To mitigate the Inner-Bin Range Dependence (IRD) effect of clutter, a subspace projection method is developed to recover the JCM for intra-PRI-inner-bin rapid repeater jammers from clutter-contaminated data. Finally, 3-D STAP in the inter-subarray transmit-receive-Doppler domain suppresses local clutter and intra-PRI-inner-bin rapid repeater jammers. Numerical simulations verify the effectiveness of the proposed joint suppression framework.

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图 1 前视子阵FDA-MIMO雷达和面阵结构示意图

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图 2 真假目标分布示意图

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图 3 距离依赖补偿后目标、杂波和干扰分布示意图

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图 4 子阵内发射空间频谱分布与预STAP滤波器响应

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图 5 子空间投影前后的子阵间发射空间频谱分布

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图 6 所提基于子空间投影的3-D STAP响应

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图 7 脉内仓内快速转发式干扰抑制效果与输入JNR及干扰转发延时的关系

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图 8 目标检测性能

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表 1 子阵FDA-MIMO雷达系统参数

参数	参数值	参数	参数值
子阵内发射阵元数	8	阵元间距	0.05 m
子阵数	6	距离区域数	3
接收阵元数	8	平台高度	6 km
脉冲数	9	平台速度	150 m/s
参考载波频率	3 GHz	信号带宽	6 MHz
脉冲重复间隔	100 μs	信噪比	10 dB
子阵内频率增量	2.5 kHz	干噪比	50 dB
子阵间频率增量	4.6 MHz	杂噪比	50 dB

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表 2 真/假目标参数

参数	真实目标参数值	假目标1参数值	假目标2参数值	假目标3参数值	假目标4参数值	假目标5参数值
俯仰角(°)	36.86	36.86	36.86	36.86	36.86	36.86
方位角(°)	15	15	15	15	15	15
等效距离(m)	10002	10010	10020	24000	25000	41000
所在距离区域	1	1	1	2	2	3
所在距离门序号	60	60	60	20	60	100
归一化多普勒频率	0.36	–0.1	0	0.1	–0.2	0.3

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