基于单磁体的双路强流相对论电子束的产生与优化研究

安晨翔; 霍少飞; 史彦超; 翟永贵; 肖仁珍; 陈昌华; 陈坤; 黄慧杰; 申留洋; 罗凯文; 王洪广; 李雨晴

doi:10.11999/JEIT250487

基于单磁体的双路强流相对论电子束的产生与优化研究

doi: 10.11999/JEIT250487 cstr: 32379.14.JEIT250487

1.
西北核技术研究所西安 710024
2.
西安交通大学电子与信息学部电子科学与工程学院西安 710049

基金项目: 国家自然科学基金资助项目(12175182)

详细信息

作者简介:
安晨翔：男，助理研究员，研究方向为高功率微波产生技术

霍少飞：男，副研究员，研究方向为高功率微波技术

史彦超：男，研究员，研究方向为高功率微波产生技术

翟永贵：男，助理教授，研究方向为高功率微波击穿数值模拟技术

肖仁珍：女，研究员，研究方向为相对论电子学与高功率微波产生

陈昌华：男，研究员，研究方向为高功率微波产生技术

陈坤：男，助理研究员，研究方向为高功率微波产生技术

黄慧杰：男，工程师，研究方向为高功率微波产生技术

申留洋：男，助理研究员，研究方向为高功率微波产生技术

罗凯文：男，助理工程师，研究方向为高功率微波产生技术

王洪广：男，教授，研究方向为太赫兹生物物理学、粒子模拟技术、等离子体技术、气体放电及其应用等

李雨晴：女，硕士研究生，研究方向为相对论返波管优化设计

通讯作者:
安晨翔　anchenxiang@nint.ac.cn

中图分类号: TP393
计量
- 文章访问数: 11
- HTML全文浏览量: 7
- PDF下载量: 1
- 被引次数: 0
出版历程
- 修回日期: 2026-01-12
- 录用日期: 2026-01-12
- 网络出版日期: 2026-01-27

Research on Generation and Optimization of Dual-channel High-current Relativistic Electron Beams Based on a Single Magnet

1.
Key Laboratory of Advanced Science and Technology on High Power Microwave, Northwest Insti-tute of Nuclear Technology, Xi’an 710024, China
2.
School of Electronic Science and Engineering, Xi’an Jiaotong University, Xi’an 710049, China

Funds: National Natural Science Foundation of China (12175182)

摘要

摘要: 高功率微波(HPM)技术作为现代国防军事和民用科技领域的战略性前沿技术，正引发全球广泛关注和深入研究。然而，受物理机制、材料性能以及制造工艺等多重因素制约，单个HPM源的微波输出功率在提升过程中遭遇了瓶颈，难以实现突破性增长。为突破这一限制，研究人员提出了HPM合成技术，该技术有效地整合多个HPM源，成功实现了峰值功率输出的显著提升，为HPM技术的发展开辟了新的路径。本文聚焦于多路HPM源合成过程中的时间同步难题，设计了一种双路强流相对论电子束产生装置。该装置采用单台脉冲功率驱动源同步驱动双路二极管，并借助单个线圈磁体实现对双路电子束的有效约束。仿真与实验结果表明：该装置能够稳定产生高品质电子束，其电压高达800 kV、电流为20 kA，总功率达到16 GW。在45 ns电压半高宽区间内，电流波形保持稳定，未出现阻抗崩溃现象。此外，通过对阴极引杆结构的改进优化，电子束的角向电流波动从原有的33.2%大幅减小至3.1%，电子束的品质特性得到了显著提升。本研究结果为多路强流相对论电子束的产生和多路HPM源的功率合成提供了可靠的技术基础，在HPM技术领域具有重要的应用前景。
- 高功率微波 /
- 功率合成 /
- 二极管 /
- 相对论电子束
Abstract: Objective High-Power Microwave (HPM) technology, as a strategic frontier in modern defense, military, and civilian technology fields, is garnering widespread global attention and in-depth research. However, the microwave output power of a single HPM source faces a bottleneck in achieving breakthrough enhancements due to constraints such as physical mechanisms, material properties, and manufacturing processes. To overcome this problem, researchers have proposed HPM synthesis technology, which significantly enhances peak power output by effectively integrating multiple HPM sources. Methods This paper addresses the challenge of time synchronization in the synthesis process of multiple HPM sources by de-signing a dual-path high-current relativistic electron beam generation device. The device is characterized by using a single pulse power driver to synchronously drive dual-path diodes and employing a single coil magnet to effectively confine the dual-path electron beams. Results and Discussions Simulation and experimental results demonstrate that the device can stably output high-quality electron beams with a voltage of 800 kV and a current of 20 kA, achieving a total power of 16 GW. The current waveform remains stable within the 45 ns voltage half-width interval without impedance collapse. Additionally, through the improved optimi-zation of the cathode stalk structure, the angular current fluctuation of the electron beam was reduced from the origi-nal 33.2% to 3.1%, resulting in a significant enhancement of beam quality. Conclusions The research results provide a reliable technical foundation for the generation of multi-path high-current relativistic electron beams and the power synthesis of multiple HPM sources, offering significant application prospects.
- High-Power Microwave (HPM) /
- Power synthesis /
- Diode /
- Relativistic Electron Beams.

HTML全文

图 1 双路强流相对论电子束的产生装置示意图

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图 2 线圈磁体和双路二极管的位置关系

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图 3 电子束的空间分布

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图 4 距离阴极120 mm位置电流密度(改进前阴极引杆)

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图 5 角向不同区域电流随时间的变化曲线(改进前阴极引杆)

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图 6 稳定阶段电流角向分布(改进前阴极引杆)

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图 7 电场随阴极半径的变化曲线

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图 8 阴极引杆改进前后的几何结构

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图 9 改进阴极引杆后距离阴极120mm位置电流密度

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图 10 改进阴极引杆后角向不同区域电流随时间的变化曲线

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图 11 阴极引杆改进后的电流角向分布

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图 12 分压片所测电压波形(红色)、罗氏线圈所测电流波形(绿色)

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图 13 功率为16 GW时的双路电子束发射过程结果(改进后阴极引杆)

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图 14 功率为16 GW时双路电子束发射过程结果(改进后阴极引杆)

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图 15 线圈磁体和多路二极管的位置关系示意图

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