基于压电晶体的声波激励小型化低频天线技术研究

扶逸凡; 徐国凯; 朱祥维; 肖绍球; 张靖浩; 钟玖平; 李婉清; 李君儒; 王宇航; 王子业; 李杜

doi:10.11999/JEIT230914

基于压电晶体的声波激励小型化低频天线技术研究

doi: 10.11999/JEIT230914

扶逸凡^{1, 2},
徐国凯³,
朱祥维^{1, 2, ,},
肖绍球⁴,
张靖浩⁵,
钟玖平⁵,
李婉清⁶,
李君儒^{1, 2},
王宇航^{1, 2},
王子业³,
李杜^{1, 6,}

1.
南方海洋科学与工程广东省实验室(珠海) 珠海 519082
2.
中山大学电子与通信工程学院深圳 518107
3.
中山大学系统科学与工程学院广州 510006
4.
中山大学电子与信息工程学院广州 510006
5.
中山大学材料学院深圳 518107
6.
中山大学·深圳深圳 518107

基金项目: 国家重点研发计划(2021YFA0716500)，南方海洋科学与工程广东省实验室(珠海)资助项目(SML2021SP408)，深圳市科创委基础研究重点项目(2020N259)，深圳市科技计划(GXWD20201231165807008, 20200830225317001)

详细信息

作者简介:
扶逸凡：男，博士生，研究方向为新型导航通信系统设计

徐国凯：男，博士生，研究方向为新型电小天线设计

朱祥维：男，博士，教授，研究方向为导航与通信技术

肖绍球：男，博士，教授，研究方向为电磁辐射与散射

张靖浩：男，硕士生，研究方向为声波激励新原理天线

钟玖平：男，博士，副教授，研究方向为光电晶体生长

李婉清：女，博士后，研究方向为声波激励新原理天线、计算电磁学

李君儒：男，博士后，研究方向为新型体声波器件与磁弹耦合

王宇航：男，博士生，研究方向为射频与智能感知

王子业：男，博士生，研究方向为新型体声波器件与磁弹耦合

李杜：男，博士，副研究员，研究方向为微波与电磁场理论

通讯作者:
朱祥维　 zhuxw666@mail.sysu.edu.cn

中图分类号: TN822
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- 被引次数: 0
出版历程
- 收稿日期: 2023-08-21
- 修回日期: 2023-10-12
- 网络出版日期: 2023-10-20
- 刊出日期: 2023-11-28

Research on Acoustically Excited Miniaturized Antenna Technology Based on Piezoelectric Crystal in Low-Frequency

FU Yifan^{1, 2},
XU Guokai³,
ZHU Xiangwei^{1, 2
, ,},
XIAO Shaoqiu⁴,
ZHANG Jinghao⁵,
ZHONG Jiuping⁵,
LI Wanqing⁶,
LI Junru^{1, 2},
WANG Yuhang^{1, 2},
WANG Ziye³,
LI Du^{1, 6
,}

1.
Southern Marine Science and Engineering Guangdong Laboratory (Zhuhai), Zhuhai 519082, China
2.
School of Electronics and Communication Engineering, Sun Yat-sen University, Shenzhen, 518107, China
3.
School of System Science and Engineering, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510006, China
4.
School of Electronics and Information Technology, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510006, China
5.
School of Materials, Sun Yat-sen University, Shenzhen 518107, China
6.
Shenzhen Campus of Sun Yat-sen University, Shenzhen 518107, China

Funds: The National Key Research and Development Program of China (2021YFA0716500), The Project supported by Southern Marine Science and Engineering Guangdong Laboratory (Zhuhai) (SML2021SP408), The Key Basic Research Projects of Shenzhen Science and Technology Commission (2020N259), Shenzhen Science and Technology Program (GXWD20201231165807008, 20200830225317001)

摘要

摘要: 水下信息实时传输的需求与日俱增，水声通信和光通信等传统通信手段在传输安全性与稳定性方面具有先天难以弥补的劣势，且在传输速率方面难以形成突破，因此亟待对新技术进行研究。为解决此问题，近年一些学者提出一种新机理、新材料和新工艺的小型化天线，有望实现低频天线在尺寸和性能上的跨越，实现水下通信技术的变革。该文对此类声波激励小型化天线进行研究。首先阐述并建立了天线辐射机理及理论模型，分析了不同材料参数对天线性能的影响；然后根据模型参数设计加工了基于铌酸锂(LiNbO₃)晶体的压电型声波激励天线样机，实验结果表明在40.83 kHz谐振频率处，与同尺寸单极子天线相比，其接收电压峰值为后者的22倍，辐射效率为400多倍；最后对天线进行了方位测试和辐射效率计算。上述结果表明：基于压电晶体的声波激励天线技术在低频段小型化、机动化水下无线通信设备的应用中具有巨大潜力。
- 水下通信 /
- 声波激励天线 /
- 压电晶体 /
- 小型化天线
Abstract: The demand for real-time communication of underwater information is rising by the day. Traditional communication technologies, such as underwater acoustic communication and optical communication, have inherent drawbacks in terms of transmission security and stability, and it is difficult to build a transmission rate breakthrough. As a result, it is critical to investigate new technologies. To address this issue, some researchers have proposed a miniaturized antenna with new mechanisms, materials, and technology, which is expected to realize a leap in size and performance of low-frequency antennas and transform underwater communication technology. This type of acoustically excited miniaturized antenna is studied in this paper. First, the radiation mechanism and theoretical model of the antenna are explained and established, and the effect of various material factors on the antenna's performance is investigated. The model parameters are then used to develop and manufacture a piezoelectric acoustically excited antenna prototype based on lithium niobate (LiNbO₃) crystal. The experimental findings reveal that at the resonance frequency of 40.83 kHz, the peak receiving voltage is 22 times that of the monopole antenna, and the radiation efficiency is more than 400 times that of the latter. Finally, the antenna's pattern test and radiation efficiency calculation are performed. The results suggest that acoustically excited antenna technology based on piezoelectric crystals has a lot of potential for low-frequency miniaturized and motorized underwater wireless communication equipment.
- Underwater communication /
- Acoustically excited antenna /
- Piezoelectric crystal /
- Miniaturized antenna

HTML全文

图 1 压电型声波激励天线的工作原理

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图 2 模型示意图

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图 3 Z切型，长度方向激励下的电势(箭头表示电场方向)和应力分布

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图 4 Y36°切型，长度方向激励下的电势(箭头表示电场方向)和应力分布

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图 5 输入阻抗随长度和宽度的变化

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图 6 天线加工

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图 7 快速扫描测试连接框图

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图 8 实验室测试场景

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图 9 锁相放大器的接收信号幅度

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图 10 各测试点的接收电压扫频图

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图 11 接收电压幅值随距离的变化

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图 12 测试的接收电压归一化近场方向图

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图 13 谐振频率附近的扫频特性

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