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一种基于近端策略优化的服务功能链部署算法

颜志 禹怀龙 欧阳博 王耀南

颜志, 禹怀龙, 欧阳博, 王耀南. 一种基于近端策略优化的服务功能链部署算法[J]. 电子与信息学报, 2024, 46(7): 2869-2878. doi: 10.11999/JEIT230902
引用本文: 颜志, 禹怀龙, 欧阳博, 王耀南. 一种基于近端策略优化的服务功能链部署算法[J]. 电子与信息学报, 2024, 46(7): 2869-2878. doi: 10.11999/JEIT230902
YAN Zhi, YU Huailong, OUYANG Bo, WANG Yaonan. A Service Function Chain deployment Algorithm Based on Proximal Policy Optimization[J]. Journal of Electronics & Information Technology, 2024, 46(7): 2869-2878. doi: 10.11999/JEIT230902
Citation: YAN Zhi, YU Huailong, OUYANG Bo, WANG Yaonan. A Service Function Chain deployment Algorithm Based on Proximal Policy Optimization[J]. Journal of Electronics & Information Technology, 2024, 46(7): 2869-2878. doi: 10.11999/JEIT230902

一种基于近端策略优化的服务功能链部署算法

doi: 10.11999/JEIT230902
基金项目: 国家重点研发计划(2021YFC1910402),国家自然科学基金重大项目(62293511),湖南省科技重大专项(2021GK1010),北京邮电大学网络与交换技术国家重点实验室项目(SKLNST-2021-2-03)
详细信息
    作者简介:

    颜志:男,副教授,研究方向为无线通信系统(5G/6G)的新理论与技术

    禹怀龙:男,硕士生,研究方向为5G核心网的服务功能链部署

    欧阳博:男,副教授,研究方向为机器学习、多机器人系统、复杂系统分析与控制、无线通信技术

    王耀南:男,院士,研究方向为机器人感知与控制技术及工程应用

    通讯作者:

    颜志 yanzhi@hnu.edu.cn

  • 中图分类号: TN929.5

A Service Function Chain deployment Algorithm Based on Proximal Policy Optimization

Funds: The National Key Research and Development Program of China (2021YFC1910402), The Major Program of the National Natural Science Foundation of China (62293511), The National Science and Technology Major Project of the Ministry of Science and Technology of Hunan Province, China (2021GK1010), The Program of The State Key Laboratory of Networking and Switching Technology, Beijing University of Posts and Telecommunications, China (SKLNST-2021-2-03)
  • 摘要: 针对网络功能虚拟化(NFV)环境下高维度服务功能链(SFC)部署的高可靠低成本问题,该文提出了一种基于近端策略优化的服务功能链部署算法(PPO-ISRC)。首先综合考虑底层物理服务器特征和服务功能链特征,将服务功能链部署建模为马尔可夫决策过程,然后,以最大化服务率和最小化资源消耗为优化目标设置奖励函数,最后,采用近端策略优化方法对服务功能链部署策略求解。仿真实验结果表明,与启发式算法(FFD)和深度确定性策略梯度算法(DDPG)相比,所提算法具有收敛速度快,稳定性高的特点。在满足服务质量的要求下,降低了部署成本,并提高了网络服务可靠性。
  • 图  1  底层拓扑结构

    图  2  服务功能链示例

    图  3  服务功能链拓扑示意图

    图  4  PPO-ISRC算法框图

    图  5  策略网络结构图

    图  6  评估网络结构图

    图  7  不同连续更新次数累计奖励对比图

    图  8  两种算法的累计函数对比图

    图  9  不同SFC请求数量下的服务率对比图

    图  10  不同SFC数量下的平均资源消耗对比图

    1  PPO-ISRC算法

     输入:底层拓扑特征矩阵和待部署SFC特征矩阵
     输出:VNF映射位置
     (1) 初始化网络参数$ \theta $,缓冲区D
     (2) for each episode do
     (3)  初始化底层拓扑特征矩阵;
     (4)  for each SFC do
     (5)   for each VNF do
     (6)   构建当前时隙的状态空间$ {{\boldsymbol{s}}_k} $;
     (7)   由$ {\pi _{{\theta _{{\text{old}}}}}} $选取动作$ {{\boldsymbol{a}}_k} $,保存动作概率$ P({\pi _{{\theta _{{\text{old}}}}}}({{\boldsymbol{a}}_k}\left| {{{\boldsymbol{s}}_k}} \right.)) $;
     (8)   if 执行动作$ {{\boldsymbol{a}}_k} $使得服务器剩余资源为负,then
     (9)   放弃该条服务功能链部署;
     (10)   break
     (11)  执行动作$ {{\boldsymbol{a}}_k} $,进入下一状态$ {\boldsymbol{{s}}_{k + 1}} $,获得奖励$ {r_k} $;
     (12)  当前数据$ \left\{ {{{\boldsymbol{s}}_k},{{\boldsymbol{a}}_k},P({\pi _{{\theta _{{\text{old}}}}}}({{\boldsymbol{a}}_k}\left| {{{\boldsymbol{s}}_k}} \right.)),{r_k}} \right\} $保存至缓冲区D
     (13)  if 缓冲区D 中数据量>Kthen
     (14)   由式(7)、式(8)计算奖励期望$ {\hat R_k} $优势估计$ {\hat A_k} $;
     (15)   for ${n_{{\text{update}}}}$do
     (16)    由评估网络获取状态价值;
     (17)    由式(7)计算目标函数:$ L_k^{{\text{clip}} + {\text{vf}} + {S_{\mathrm{e}}}}\left( \theta \right) $;
     (18)    通过最大化$ L_k^{{\text{clip}} + {\text{vf}} + {S_{\mathrm{e}}}}\left( \theta \right) $更新网络参数$ \theta $;
     (19)   end for
     (20)   $ {\theta _{{\text{old}}}} \leftarrow \theta $,清空缓冲区D
     (21) end if
     (22) 更新状态$ {{\boldsymbol{s}}_k} \leftarrow {{\boldsymbol{s}}_{k + 1}} $;
     (23) end for
     (24) end for
     (25)end for
    下载: 导出CSV

    表  1  系统环境参数

    参数
    服务器节点的计算资源容量${\theta ^n}$ [150,200]
    待部署的服务功能链数量$ M $ [100,150]
    服务功能链请求的VNF数量$ {N_{{\text{vnf}}}} $ [3,5]
    每种VNF所需资源大小$ C_n^{{\text{SF}}{{\text{C}}_r},i} $ [1,3]
    每条链所需的链路带宽 [20,90]
    下载: 导出CSV

    表  2  PPO-ISRC网络参数

    参数
    评估网络目标函数所占权重值$ {{\mathrm{c}}_1} $ –0.5
    策略模型的熵所占权重值$ {{\mathrm{c}}_2} $ –0.01
    关于动作值概率分布标准差的衰减因子$ {\alpha _\varOmega } $ 0.9959
    仿真回合数Episodes 5000
    缓冲区D的大小Buffer-size 128
    网络连续更新次数$ {n_{{\text{update}}}} $ 4,8,16
    PPO的裁剪参数$ {{\varepsilon }} $ 0.2
    计算奖励期望的折扣系数$ \gamma $ 0.97
    策略网络学习率$ {l_{\text{a}}} $ 0.001
    评估网络学习率$ {l_{\text{c}}} $ 0.001
    下载: 导出CSV
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出版历程
  • 收稿日期:  2024-08-16
  • 修回日期:  2024-05-13
  • 网络出版日期:  2024-05-22
  • 刊出日期:  2024-07-29

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