Design of a Magnetic IC-stripline Cell Based on an Improved PSO Algorithm
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摘要: 随着越来越多的高频电路被集成到芯片中，高频芯片电磁兼容(IC-EMC)问题越来越突出。带状线小室是测量芯片辐射发射和抗扰度的重要设备，然而带宽是限制其应用的主要因素。该文依据IEC标准，将磁介质吸波材料应用于带状线小室以扩展小室的工作带宽，并提出将粒子群算法(PSO)和二分法相结合的方法，计算磁介质材料的可用电磁参数范围。计算结果表明，磁介质吸波材料可以将带状线小室的工作带宽由0～6 GHz最大扩展到0～10 GHz。测试选用的磁介质吸波材料的电磁参数在0～9 GHz频段内符合计算结果，9 GHz以上频段的参数超出了计算结果范围。应用该材料的带状线小室S参数测试结果表明，该材料将带状线小室的工作带宽由0～6 GHz扩展到了0～9 GHz，与计算结果一致，证明了该方法的有效性。与传统方法相比，所提方法的效率提高了73.3%。此外，所提出的方法亦适用于类似目标约束下的参数范围计算问题。Abstract: As an increasing number of high-frequency circuits are integrated into chips, high-frequency Integrated Circuit ElectroMagnetic Compatibility (IC-EMC) problem of chips is becoming increasingly prominent. The IC-Stripline cell is an important device for measuring radiated emission and immunity of integrated chips. However, bandwidth is the major factor limiting its application. According to IEC standard, the paper applies magnetic absorbing materials to the IC-Stripline cell to expand the working bandwidth of the cell, and proposes a method combining Particle Swarm Optimization (PSO) and Dichotomy to calculate the available electromagnetic parameter range of the magnetic absorbing material. Experimental results indicate that the material can improve the operational bandwidth of the IC-Stripline cell from 0～6 GHz to a maximum of 0～10 GHz. The electromagnetic parameters of the selected magnetic absorbing material are consistent with the calculations over the range of 0～9 GHz, while the parameters exceed the calculation results for frequencies >9 GHz. The S parameter measurements of the IC-Stripline cell using this material reveal that the material indeed improves the operational bandwidth from 0～6 GHz to 0～9 GHz, which is consistent with the calculations results and validates the effectiveness of the electromagnetic parameter range determination method. Compared to traditional methods, the efficiency of this method is increased by 73.3%. Furthermore, the proposed method is applicable to parameter range calculation problems under similar objective constraints.
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表 2 磁介质材料参数
参数 数值 ${d}$ 1 mm $ \varepsilon' $ 11 $ \varepsilon'' $ 0.5 $ \mathrm{\mu }' $ $ \left[\mathrm{1,10}\right] $ $ \mathrm{\mu }'' $ $ \left[\mathrm{0,1}\right] $ 
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表 3 粒子群算法各参数值
参数 数值 $ D $ 2 $ N $ 5 $ {k}_{\mathrm{m}\mathrm{a}\mathrm{x}} $ 200 $ {c}_{1} $ 1.5 $ {c}_{2} $ 1.5 $ {x}_{\mathrm{m}\mathrm{a}\mathrm{x}} $ [10 10] $ {x}_{\mathrm{m}\mathrm{i}\mathrm{n}} $ [1 0] $ \mathrm{\delta } $ 0.1 $ {W}_{\mathrm{m}\mathrm{a}\mathrm{x}} $ 0.8 $ {W}_{\mathrm{m}\mathrm{i}\mathrm{n}} $ 0.4 $ {v}_{\mathrm{m}\mathrm{a}\mathrm{x}} $ [1 1] $ {v}_{\mathrm{m}\mathrm{i}\mathrm{n}} $ [–1 –1] $ m $ 10 $ {f}_{1}\left(\mathrm{G}\mathrm{H}\mathrm{z}\right) $ 6 $ {f}_{2}\left(\mathrm{G}\mathrm{H}\mathrm{z}\right) $ $ {f}_{1} $+1
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