对称谐振式甚低频发/接磁电天线耦合性能研究

王晓煜; 张博焱; 赵相晨; 杨西杰; 冯晴; 曹振新

doi:10.11999/JEIT230247

对称谐振式甚低频发/接磁电天线耦合性能研究

doi: 10.11999/JEIT230247

1.
大连交通大学机械工程学院大连 116021
2.
大连交通大学机车车辆工程学院大连 116021
3.
东南大学信息科学与工程学院南京 210096

基金项目: 国家自然科学基金(51005029, 52275407)，国家重点研发计划(0120700)，辽宁省自然科学基金(2023-MS-274)

详细信息

作者简介:
王晓煜：男，教授，研究方向为智能材料及结构等

张博焱：男，硕士生，研究方向为甚低频小型化机械天线

赵相晨：男，硕士生，研究方向为甚低频小型化机械天线

杨西杰：男，硕士生，研究方向为低频无线通信

冯晴：女，硕士生，研究方向为随机共振信号处理

曹振新：男，教授，研究方向为天线理论和应用

通讯作者:
王晓煜　99925010@qq.com

中图分类号: TN822
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出版历程
- 收稿日期: 2023-04-11
- 修回日期: 2024-04-08
- 网络出版日期: 2024-04-24
- 刊出日期: 2024-06-30

Research on Symmetrically Resonant VLF Transmit/Receive Magnetoelectric Antenna Coupling Performance

1.
School of Mechanical Engineering, Dalian Jiaotong University, Dalian116021, China
2.
School of Rolling Stock Engineering, Dalian Jiaotong University, Dalian116021, China
3.
School of Information Science and Engineering, Southeast University, Nanjing210096, China

Funds: The National Natural Science Foundation of China (51005029, 52275407), The National Key Research and Development Project (0120700), The Natural Science Foundation of Liaoning Province (2023-MS-274)

摘要

摘要: 甚低频段由于低传播损耗特性，在远距离信号传输及军事通信方面有巨大潜力。传统天线庞大物理尺寸以及复杂网络匹配限制了低频天线通信的发展。磁电(ME)天线基于声波谐振原理可以突破尺寸极限且易于阻抗匹配，在甚低频段传输具有独特优势。基于此设计了P/T/P结构的发射天线和T/P/T结构的接收天线组成的新型ME天线系统。依据磁机电耦合模型分析天线在接收/发射电磁波时的规律；依据辐射模型研究近场范围内天线磁场分布情况；以声波介导激励，实现ME天线在甚低频段的发/收通信实验。实验得到在谐振频率下，ME发射/接收天线在压电占比分别在0.66, 0.34时，结构优化前较于优化后输出电压提升82.6%，通信距离提升42.2%；相较于同等尺寸电小天线辐射效率提高3个数量级；可实现传输速率为5bit/s的调制通信，依据结构优化实现了天线性能的提升。
- 磁电天线 /
- 甚低频 /
- 声波谐振 /
- 结构优化 /
- 辐射效率
Abstract: Very low frequency has great potential for long distance signal transmission and military communications due to its low propagation loss characteristics. Magneto-Electric (ME) antennas, based on the acoustic resonance principle, can push the limits of size and are easily impedance matched, offering unique advantages for transmission in the very low frequency band. Based on this, a new ME antenna system consisting of a transmitting antenna of P/T/P structure and a receiving antenna of T/P/T structure is designed. The structural pattern of the antenna in receiving/transmitting electromagnetic waves is analyzed based on the magneto-mechanical coupling model. The magnetic field distribution of the antenna in the near-field range is investigated based on the radiation model. An experiment on the transmission/receiving of ME antennas in the very low frequency band is realized with acoustic wave mediated excitation. Experimental results indicate that obtained at resonant frequencies, the ME transmit/receive antenna is improved by 82.6% in output voltage and by 42.2% in communication range before the structure optimization compared to after the optimization when the piezoelectricity ratio is 0.66 and 0.34, respectively. Magnitude higher radiation efficiency is improved by three orders compared to the same size electric small antenna. Modulated communication with a transmission rate of 5 bit/s is possible and the performance of the antenna is improved based on structural optimization.
- Magnetoelectric antenna /
- Very low frequency /
- Acoustic resonance /
- Structure optimization /
- Radiation efficiency

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图 1 L-T模式复合材料示意图

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图 2 逆磁电效应等效电路示意图

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图 3 磁电效应等效电路示意图

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图 4 压电体积分数与磁电耦合响应曲线图

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图 5 低频通信系统结构示意图

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图 6 天线导纳和扫频示意图

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图 7 ME VLF通信实验测量系统图

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图 8 ME天线近场辐射方向示意图

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图 9 DC偏置磁场与磁感应强度关系图

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图 10 激励电压与磁感应强度实验图

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图 11 发/收天线输出电压与距离关系曲线图

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图 12 2FSK调制信号产生示意图

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表 1 ME天线材料参数

	Volume (mm³)	${s}_{33}^{{\mathrm{H}}},\;{s}_{11}^{{\mathrm{E}}}$ (m²/N)	${d}_{33}^{{\mathrm{m}}}$ (m/A) ${d}_{31}^{{\mathrm{P}}}$ (C/N)	${\rho }_{{\mathrm{m}}},\;{\rho }_{{\mathrm{P}}}$ (g/cm³)	${Q}_{{\mathrm{m}}}、{Q}_{{\mathrm{P}}}$	$\mu _{33}^{\mathrm{T}}$ , ${\varepsilon _{33}}$
Terfenol-D	35×10×1	1.638×10^-11	14.86×10^–9	9250	10	62.8×10^–7
PZT-5	38×10×1	4.7×10^-11	1.53×10^–8	7800	65	38×10^–8

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表 2 ME天线类型参数表

类型	Volume of T	Volume of P	压电体积分数
T₁	35×15×1	38×15×2	0.66
T₂	35×15×1.5	38×15×1.5	0.5
T₃	35×15×2	38×15×1	0.34

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