Max-min Rate Optimization Algorithm for Non-Orthogonal Multiple Access Backscatter Communication System Assisted by Unmanned Aerial Vehicles
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摘要: 无人机(UAV)、非正交多址(NOMA)和反向散射通信(BC)相结合，可以满足热点地区高容量需求，提高通信质量。该文提出一种无人机辅助的NOMA反向散射通信系统最小速率最大化资源分配算法。考虑无人机发射功率、能量收集、反射系数、传输速率以及连续干扰消除(SIC)解码顺序约束，建立基于系统最小速率最大化的资源分配模型。首先利用块坐标下降将原问题分解为无人机发射功率优化、反射系数优化和无人机位置与SIC解码顺序联合优化3个子问题，然后使用反证法给出无人机最优发射功率，再用变量替换法和连续凸逼近将剩余子问题进一步转化为凸优化问题进行求解。仿真结果表明，所提算法在系统和速率与用户公平性之间具有较好折中。Abstract: The combination of Unmanned Aerial Vehicle (UAV), Non-Orthogonal Multiple Access (NOMA), and Backscatter Communication (BC) can meet the high capacity demand and improve the communication quality in hotspots. A max-min rate optimization algorithm is proposed for UAV-assisted NOMA-based backscatter communication systems. Specifically, a resource allocation model is developed to maximize systems’ minimum rate under the UAV transmit power, energy harvesting, reflection coefficient, transmission rate, and Successive Interference Cancellation (SIC) decoding order constraints. The original problem is divided into three subproblems: UAV transmit power optimization, reflection coefficient optimization, and joint optimization of UAV position and SIC decoding order optimization, which are handled by block coordinated decent method. Then, the UAV’s optimal transmit power optimization subproblem is solved by contradiction. Furthermore, the remaining subproblems are solved by convex optimization with variable substitution and successive convex approximation methods. Finally, the simulation results show that the proposed algorithm has obtained a good tradeoff between the systems’ sum rate and users’ fairness.
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算法1 最小速率最大化资源分配算法 初始化：max-min速率$R_{\max - \min }^0$，内层迭代次数$ l = 0 $，外层迭
代次数$ t = 0 $，惩罚参数$\mu = {\mu _0}$，步长$\gamma = {\gamma _0}$；无人机最大发射
功率$ {P_{\max }} $，$ {{\mathbf{q}}^0},{{\mathbf{A}}^0},{{\mathbf{B}}^0},{{\mathbf{C}}^0},{{\mathbf{U}}^0},{{\mathbf{G}}^0} $；max-min速率收敛精度
$ {\varsigma _1} $，惩罚收敛精度$ {\varsigma _2} $，外层最大迭代次数为$ {T_{\max }} $；(1) repeat (2) repeat (3) 根据给定的$ {{\mathbf{q}}^l} $和$ {{\mathbf{A}}^l} $利用凸优化内点法求解问题式(9)得
到反射系数$ {{\mathbf{R}}^*} $；(4) 根据$ {{\mathbf{R}}^*},{{\mathbf{B}}^l},{{\mathbf{C}}^l},{{\mathbf{U}}^l},{{\mathbf{G}}^l} $利用凸优化内点法求解问题
式(22)得到无人机位置$ {{\mathbf{q}}^*} $和SIC解码顺序$ {{\mathbf{A}}^*} $；(5) 更新$ l = l + 1 $； (6) until $ \left| {R_{\max - \min }^{l + 1} - R_{\max - \min }^l} \right| < {\varsigma _1} $； (7) if $ \max \left\{ {{\varphi _{nm}}} \right\} \gt {\varsigma _2} $ (8) 更新$ \mu = \gamma \mu $； (9) else (10) 更新$ t = t + 1 $； (11) end if (12) until $t \ge {T_{\max } }$。 
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