Development Trend and Architecture Prospect of Future Low-Earth-Orbit Information Networks
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摘要: 近年来，伴随着运载、卫星、通信、网络、智能等技术的发展，天基网络形态正在发生质的变化。低轨(LEO)星座网络已经成为众多应用场景、业务承载需求的新选项，有向着全球覆盖、天地一体、多业务承载、持续演进、安全可控的天基通用信息网络基础设施发展的趋势，而这样的愿景对未来低轨星座网络架构提出了更高的要求。该文首先从空间网络、先进卫星以及天地网络融合3方面技术领域对近年来低轨星座网络相关技术的发展现状进行了概述，并对低轨星座网络发展的愿景与趋势进行了分析研判。在此基础上，该文提出基于软件定义(SDN)和网络功能虚拟化(NFV)的全云化卫星-5G融合网络架构，使网络具备架构可编程、网络功能抽象解耦以及去中心化的核心优势，辅以意图驱动网络等智能网络运行管理方法，实现网络的多业务承载、持续演进、自动化管理等能力。最后，该文对需重点关注的技术方向进行了展望。Abstract: In recent years, with the upsurging development of launching, satellite, telecommunication, and networks technologies, the form of space-based networks is undergoing qualitative changes. Low-Earth-Orbit (LEO) constellation network has become a new option for many application scenarios. With the development trend towards a space-based information infrastructure, the LEO constellation is required to possess features of global coverage, constellation-terrestrial integration, diversified carrying, continuous evolution, security, and controllability, which put forward higher requirements for the network architecture of LEO constellation in the future. Therefore, in this paper, the development status of related fields of LEO constellation networks is summarized, and the tendencies of LEO constellation network development are analyzed. On this basis, an “all-in-cloud” network architecture based on Software-Defined Network (SDN) and Network Function Virtualization (NFV) is proposed, making the network architecture programmable, decoupled, and decentralized. Moreover, the network operation management is supported by intention-driven approaches, so as to realize the capabilities of flexible carrying, continuous evolution, and automatic management of the network. Finally, the technical direction that needs to be focused on is looked forward to in this paper.
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