Processing Algorithm Based on Fast Back-projection for Imaging of Ultra-WideBand Ice-sounding Data
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摘要: 该文提出一种新的冰雷达成像算法，该算法可以在获得高分辨率冰下剖面图的同时，拥有较高的处理效率。该算法是一种基于快速后向投影的超宽带(UWB)冰雷达成像方法，其修正了多层媒质情况下的雷达与目标之间的距离，以及因多层媒质造成的距离徙动几何变化。该文分析了算法的原理，给出了算法实现的具体步骤，并将其应用于点目标仿真和航空冰雷达数据实验，验证了算法在冰下成像中的有效性。此外，将该方法与现有常用冰雷达算法的成像结果在方位向杂波抑制能力、计算时间和方位向分辨率3个方面进行了对比，证明该算法能够在不降低方位向杂波抑制能力和方位向分辨率的前提下，有效提高计算效率。Abstract: A new algorithm for imaging of ice-sounding radar is proposed, which can obtain high-resolution subglacial profiles with high processing efficiency. This algorithm, which is a processing algorithm based on fast back-projection for imaging of Ultra-WideBand(UWB) ice-sounding radar, can correct the distance between radar and targets in multilayer media and the geometric variation of range migration caused by multilayer media. The theory of the algorithm is analyzed and the implementation steps of the algorithm are given in this paper, and the algorithm is applied to point targets simulation and ice-sounding data experiment, which verifies the effectiveness of the algorithm in imaging of ice-sounding data. Furthermore, the results of the proposed algorithm with those of the existing ice-sounding radar processing algorithms are compared in three aspect of azimuth clutter suppression ability, computing time and azimuth resolution ability, which verifies this algorithm can effectively improve the computational efficiency without reducing the azimuth clutter suppression ability and azimuth resolution.
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表 1 仿真参数
参数名称 参数值 雷达类型 线性调频脉冲 射频载波频率 60 MHz 发射脉冲持续时间 1 μs 信号带宽 15 MHz 距离向采样率 50 MHz 脉冲重复频率 195 Hz 雷达平台速度 90 m/s 雷达平台高度 600 m 合成孔径长度 3985 m 
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表 2 点目标处理测量结果
方法名称 方位向分辨率(3dB宽度)(m) 方位向杂波抑制能力 计算时间(s) 基于快速后向投影的超宽带冰雷达成像算法 1.34 冰面点目标受到抑制 2195.04 多子孔径时域后向投影算法 84.96 冰面点目标受到抑制 2080.20 冰雷达直接后向投影算法 1.22 冰面点目标受到抑制 12464.34 匹配滤波算法 1.22 冰面点目标受到抑制 1827.86
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