Research on Dead-time Free Frequency Measurement Technology Based on TDC
-
摘要: 在精密时频测控领域中，高分辨率、无死区的时间间隔和频率测量非常关键，而时间数字转换器(Time to Digital Converter, TDC)是时间频率测量的常用手段。该文研制了基于ACAM公司生产的时间数字转换芯片TDC-GP21和Altera公司FPGA芯片EP4CE6E22C8N的时间频率测量设备，实现了高分辨率的时间间隔测量，测量分辨率达到13ps 。同时采用时间间隔测量模块两两组合的方式实现了无死区频率测量，创新性地采用每组3个TDC芯片，共4组搭建了时间频率测量系统，并对组内3个TDC芯片测量结果采用平均值滤波法，使频率测量稳定度达到
$ 1.1 $ ×$ {10}^{-11} $ @1 s,$ 5.6\times {10}^{-15} $ @10000 s，与商用K+K FXE频率计数器指标相当。本设备具有体积小、无需校准、成本低等优点，能够广泛应用到高精度时间间隔和精密频率测量领域中。-
关键词:
- 频率测量 /
- 时间间隔测量 /
- 时间数字转换器(TDC) /
- 高精度 /
- 无死区
Abstract: In the fields requiring precise time and frequency measurement and control, high-precision, dead-time free time interval and frequency measurements are highly demanded. TDC (Time to Digital Converter) is commonly adopted in time and frequency measurement. In this paper, a self-developed multi-module time-interval measurement system is built based on the time digital conversion chip TDC-GP21 from ACAM company and the Cyclone IV FPGA chip EP4CE6E22C8N from Altera Company. For each time-interval measurement module, a time-interval measurement resolution as small as 13 ps is achieved. By further duplex operating two such time-interval measurement modules, a dead-time free frequency measurement is realized, the time and frequency measurement system involves three groups, each of which has 3 TDC chips. By averaging the measurement results of three TDC chips in each group, a frequency instability reaches$ 1.1\times {10}^{-11} $ @ 1s and$ 5.6\times {10}^{-15} $ @10000 s. This result shows that this self-developed apparatus approaches the performance of the commercial K+K FXE frequency counter. Due to its advantages of small size, no calibration and low cost, this apparatus can be widely used in applications that require high-precision time interval and precise frequency measurements. -
表 1 测量结果稳定性对比表
频率测量设备名称 短期稳定性 长期稳定性 本文所设计的时频测量设备 1.1e-11@1s 5.6e-15@10000s K+K FXE 2.3e-11@1s 3.8e-15@10000s 53230A 1.9e-11@1s 2.3e-13@10000s 
下载: 导出CSV
-
[1] 赵侃, 梁双有, 陈法喜, 等. 精密时间间隔计数器的研制[J]. 中国科学: 物理学 力学 天文学, 2011, 41(5): 602–606. doi: 10.1360/132011-329ZHAO Kan, LIANG Shuangyou, CHEN Faxi, et al. Design of precision time interval counter[J]. Scientia Sinica:Physics Mechanics &Astronomy, 2011, 41(5): 602–606. doi: 10.1360/132011-329 [2] 侯志军, 马红皎, 王康, 等. 基于TDC-GPX2的精密时间间隔测量仪设计[J]. 时间频率学报, 2017, 40(4): 213–220. doi: 10.13875/j.issn.1674-0637.2017-04-0213-08HOU Zhijun, MA Hongjiao, WANG Kang, et al. Design of a precise time interval measuring instrument base on TDC-GPX2[J]. Journal of Time and Frequency, 2017, 40(4): 213–220. doi: 10.13875/j.issn.1674-0637.2017-04-0213-08 [3] 黄海舰. 基于FPGA时间内插技术的TDC设计[D]. [硕士论文], 华中师范大学, 2013.HUANG Haijian. The design of time-to-digital converter based on time interpolation technology in FPGA[D]. [Master dissertation], Central China Normal University, 2013. [4] SONG Jian, AN Qi, and LIU Shubin. A high-resolution time-to-digital converter implemented in field-programmable-gate-arrays[J]. IEEE Transactions on Nuclear Science, 2006, 53(1): 236–241. doi: 10.1109/TNS.2006.869820 [5] WU Jinyuan and SHI Zonghan. The 10-ps wave union TDC: Improving FPGA TDC resolution beyond its cell delay[C]. IEEE Nuclear Science Symposium Conference Record, Dresden, Germany, 2008: 3440–3446. [6] 杜念通, 周斌. 一种基于TDC的相对频差测量方法[J]. 传感器与微系统, 2016, 35(2): 140–142, 146. doi: 10.13873/J.1000-9787(2016)02-0140-03DU Niantong and ZHOU Bin. A relative frequency difference detection method based on TDC[J]. Transducer and Microsystem Technologies, 2016, 35(2): 140–142, 146. doi: 10.13873/J.1000-9787(2016)02-0140-03 [7] 班超. FPGA高精度时间测量[D]. [硕士论文], 北京邮电大学, 2013.BAN Chao. FPGA high-precision time measurement[D]. [Master dissertation], Beijing University of Posts and Telecommunications, 2013. [8] 刘杰. 光纤光学频率传递研究[D]. [博士论文], 中国科学院研究生院(国家授时中心), 2016.LIU Jie. Experimental study on optical frequency transfer via optical fibers[D]. [Ph. D. dissertation], National Time Service Center, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 2016. [9] JEFFERTS S R, WEISS M A, LEVINE J, et al. Two-way time and frequency transfer using optical fibers[J]. IEEE Transactions on Instrumentation and Measurement, 1997, 46(2): 209–211. doi: 10.1109/19.571814 [10] WANG Bo, GAO Chao, CHEN W L, et al. Precise and continuous time and frequency synchronisation at the 5× $ {10}^{-19} $ accuracy level[J]. Scientific Reports, 2012, 2: 556. doi: 10.1038/srep00556[11] ALLAN D W. Statistics of atomic frequency standards[J]. Proceedings of the IEEE, 1966, 54(2): 221–230. doi: 10.1109/PROC.1966.4634 [12] 罗敏, 宫月红, 喻明艳. 时间-数字转换器研究综述[J]. 微电子学, 2014, 44(3): 372–376.LUO Min, GONG Yuehong, and YU Mingyan. Research summary of time-to-digital converter[J]. Microelectronics, 2014, 44(3): 372–376. [13] WANG Jinhong, LIU Shubin, ZHAO Lei, et al. The 10-ps multitime measurements averaging TDC implemented in an FPGA[J]. IEEE Transactions on Nuclear Science, 2011, 58(4): 2011–2018. doi: 10.1109/TNS.2011.2158551 [14] 吴军, 王海伟, 郭颖, 等. 资源有限FPGA的多通道时间-数字转换系统[J]. 红外与激光工程, 2015, 44(4): 1208–1217. doi: 10.3969/j.issn.1007-2276.2015.04.018WU Jun, WANG Haiwei, GUO Ying, et al. Resources-limited FPGA based-multi-channel TDC system[J]. Infrared and Laser Engineering, 2015, 44(4): 1208–1217. doi: 10.3969/j.issn.1007-2276.2015.04.018 [15] 沈奇. 量子通信中的精密时间测量技术研究[D]. [博士论文], 中国科学技术大学, 2013.SHEN Qi. The research on high resolution time to digital convertion for quantum communication[D]. [Ph. D. dissertation], University of Science and Technology of China, 2013. [16] WU Jinyuan. Several key issues on implementing delay line based TDCs using FPGAs[J]. IEEE Transactions on Nuclear Science, 2010, 57(3): 1543–1548. doi: 10.1109/TNS.2010.2045901 [17] WANG Jinhong, LIU Shubin, SHEN Qi, et al. A fully fledged TDC implemented in field-programmable gate arrays[J]. IEEE Transactions on Nuclear Science, 2010, 57(2): 446–450. doi: 10.1109/TNS.2009.2037958 [18] ABD EL RAHIM M, ANTOINE R, ARNAUD L, et al. Position sensitive detection coupled to high-resolution time-of-flight mass spectrometry: Imaging for molecular beam deflection experiments[J]. Review of Scientific Instruments, 2004, 75(12): 5221–5227. doi: 10.1063/1.1813112 [19] LEE M and ABIDI A A. A 9 b, 1.25 ps resolution coarse-fine time-to-digital converter in 90nm CMOS that amplifies a time residue[J]. IEEE Journal of Solid-State Circuits, 2008, 43(4): 769–777. doi: 10.1109/JSSC.2008.917405 [20] 涂开辉, 黄志洪, 侯峥嵘, 等. 基于配置模式匹配和层次化映射结构的高效FPGA码流生成系统研究[J]. 电子与信息学报, 2019, 41(11): 2585–2591. doi: 10.11999/JEIT190143TU Kaihui, HUANG Zhihong, HOU Zhengrong, et al. Research on efficient FPGA bitstream generation system based on mode matching and hierarchical mapping[J]. Journal of Electronics &Information Technology, 2019, 41(11): 2585–2591. doi: 10.11999/JEIT190143 [21] 徐宇, 林郁, 杨海钢. FPGA双端口存储器映射优化算法[J]. 电子与信息学报, 2020, 42(10): 2549–2556. doi: 10.11999/JEIT190077XU Yu, LIN Yu, and YANG Haigang. Optimization algorithm of dual-port memory mapping on FPGA[J]. Journal of Electronics &Information Technology, 2020, 42(10): 2549–2556. doi: 10.11999/JEIT190077 -
图(6) / 表(1)
计量
- 文章访问数: 1462
- HTML全文浏览量: 602
- PDF下载量: 111
- 被引次数: 0
下载:
