Joint Direction of Arrival Estimation of Subarrays Based on Near-field Nulling Weight
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摘要: 针对海底长线阵在近场辐射声干扰及空间水平非均匀噪声下的远距离估计目标波达方向 (DoA)问题，该文提出一种基于长线阵分子阵近场零陷权的联合目标方位估计方法。该方法将长线阵分解为多个高重叠子阵，对各个子阵利用零陷抑制技术去除近场强干扰对目标探测的影响，再利用各子阵对远距离目标方位估计结果差异性小、非目标所在频率即噪声对应空间谱最大值随机的特点，空间频率方差加权综合各子阵的目标方位估计结果，从而抑制空间非均匀噪声，实现对远距离目标的探测。仿真结果表明，与长线阵常规波束形成、长线阵近场零陷常规波束形成、长线阵近场零陷传统多重信号分类方法相比，该文方法能够有效降低空间谱背景级60 dB以上，输出信噪比提高15 dB以上，具有较强的提高信噪比能力及较高的空间分辨力，因此具有较好的工程应用价值。Abstract: As for long-range target Direction of Arrival (DoA) estimation with benthonic long linear arrays under near-field acoustic interference and space non-stationary noise, a novel joint DoA estimation of subarrays algorithm is proposed, which is based on near-field nulling weight. The long linear array is divided into several high overlap subarrays. The near-field nulling weight is calculated for subarrays to eliminate the effect of the near-field interference on target detection. The spatial frequency variance weighted joint DoA method is presented based on the little discrepancy of the subarrays’ DoA estimates to repress the space nonuniform noise and detect the target in a long distance. The maximum value of spatial spectrum is random in the frequencies without the target because of the space non-stationary noise. The simulation results show that compared with long-linear-array conventional beamforming, long-linear-array conventional beamforming based on near-field nulling weight and long-linear-array multiple signal classification based on near-field nulling weight method, this proposed technique can effectively reduce the background level of spatial spectrum (over 60 dB), improve signal to noise ratio (above 15 dB) and has high spatial resolution, with better engineering application value.
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