Design of Large-scale UAV-assisted Multi-tier Heterogeneous Networks and Performance Research
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摘要: 针对B5G/6G中的热点场景，为满足其超大网络容量的需求，该文构建了多无人机(UAV)协助的毫米波异构网络模型，将地面基站(G-BS)的分布建模为泊松点过程，UAV的分布建模为泊松簇过程，且UAV在地面上的投影以及地面用户设备(GUE)分布在G-BS的周围。为了探讨簇间级联的贡献和簇间干扰的影响，将该2层网络模型扩展为由簇间和簇内基站(BS)共同构成的4层网络模型，并提出了GUE同时与簇内(间)BS级联的4层级联方案。首先，通过传播模型分析了各层级联距离的路径损耗。其次，采用随机几何的方法，结合GUE在下行链路中受到的干扰，推导出GUE可实现的信号与干扰加噪声比(SINR)覆盖概率表达式。最后，仿真结果表明，UAV的高度和簇成员平均数对SINR覆盖概率会产生非单调的影响。同时，当UAV高度较小时，该文所提出的4层级联方案可实现的SINR覆盖概率性能优于仅考虑GUE与簇内BS级联的2层级联方案。Abstract: In view of the hotspot scenarios in B5G/6G, in order to meet the needs of its ultra-large network capacity, a multi-Unmanned Aerial Vehicle (UAV) assisted millimeter wave heterogeneous network model is constructed. In this network model, the distribution of Ground Base Station (G-BS) is modeled as Poisson point process, the distribution of UAV is modeled as Poisson cluster process, and the projection of the UAV on ground and the Ground User Equipment (GUE) are distributed around the G-BS. For the sake of exploring the contribution of inter-cluster association and the impact of inter-cluster interference, the 2-tier network model is extended to 4-tier network model composed of inter-cluster and intra-cluster Base Station (BS). And the 4-tier association scheme in which the GUE is associated with intra-cluster BS and inter-cluster BS at the same time is proposed. Initially, the path loss of each tier’s association distance is analyzed through the propagation model. Furthermore, using stochastic geometry method, combined with the interference of GUE in the downlink, the Signal-to-Interference plus Noise Ratio (SINR) coverage probability expression of GUE is derived. Finally, the simulation results show that the height of UAV and the average number of cluster members have non-monotonic effect on SINR coverage probability. When UAV height is low, compared with the 2-tier association scheme that GUE is only associated with the intra-cluster BS, the 4-tier association scheme proposed in this paper can improve the SINR coverage probability significantly.
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表 1 系统参数值
参数 数值 参数 数值 ${N_{0,t'}}$ 3 ${\alpha _{0,{\rm{L}}}}$ 2.1 ${N_1}$ 2 ${\alpha _{0,{\rm{N}}}}$ 3.4 ${N_{2,t'}}$ 3 ${\alpha _1}$ 3.4 ${N_3}$ 2 ${\alpha _{2,{\rm{L}}}}$ 2.5 ${R_0}$ 50～150 m ${\alpha _{2,{\rm{N}}}}$ 3.6 ${R_2}$ 30 m ${\alpha _3}$ 3.6 ${B_i}$ 1 ${\tau _{}}$ 1.5 
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