Storage of The Microwave Window of Space Traveling Wave Tubes
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摘要: 高频组件是空间行波管的主要部件，是管内传播高频电磁波的重要传输部件，其中陶瓷封接部位一般采用银焊料进行焊接，它一般存放于真空柜中。存放一段时间后，组件表面出现了发黑现象。分析表明真空柜中放置的橡胶制品导致了高频组件银焊料焊接部位发生硫化，导致贮存失效。结合实验结果和理论分析，在大气状态下，橡胶套中的硫是比较稳定的。然而在真空状态下，硫是比较容易从橡胶套中升华进入真空柜中的，从而会在真空柜中弥漫大量硫蒸气，这些硫蒸气与银焊料发生化学反应形成Ag2S，因此含硫的橡胶套不宜放入真空柜。Abstract: The microwave window is the main component of the space traveling wave tube and an important transmission component for transmitting high-frequency electromagnetic waves in the tube. The microwave window is generally welded with silver solder, and stored in a vacuum cabinet. After storage for some time, the microwave window surface becomes black. The analysis shows that the rubber products placed in the vacuum cabinet cause vulcanization of the silver soldered joints of the high-frequency components, leading to storage failure. Combining experimental results and theoretical analysis, the sulfur in the rubber is relatively stable under atmospheric conditions. However, in a vacuum state, sulfur is relatively easy to sublimate from the rubber into the vacuum cabinet, which will diffuse a large amount of sulfur vapor in the vacuum cabinet. These sulfur vapors react with the silver solder to form Ag2S, so the sulfur-containing rubber should not be placed in a vacuum cabinet.
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Key words:
- Space traveling wave tubes /
- Microwave window /
- Storage failure
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表 1 硫的温度与蒸气压的关系
化学元素 熔点 沸点 蒸气压(133 Pa) 10–8 10–7 10–6 10–5 10–4 10–3 10–2 10–1 1 温度(K) S 388 717 263 276 290 310 328 353 382 420 462 
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