Research on An Optimized Frequency Steering Algorithm
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摘要: 为满足各应用领域对高精度时间性能不断提升的需求，该文设计实现了一种迭代的优化频率驾驭算法，主要分为纸面时间计算和实际物理信号实现两个部分。其中纸面时间计算采用ALGOS算法，利用实时原子钟数据和Circular T公报数据计算获得准确可靠的时间尺度，保障了驾驭参考的准确性和实时性。实时物理信号实现采用最优二次型高斯控制算法与Kalman算法综合，通过实时调整参数，计算出最优的频率驾驭量，将该驾驭量输送至频率调整设备，最终实现高精度时间信号的输出，整个驾驭系统是闭环的。该文基于我国时间基准保持系统和原子钟组，搭建试验平台，采用该算法对一台氢钟进行为期140天的频率驾驭，最终对输出的物理信号进行性能评估。试验结果表明，该算法有效提高了驾驭后物理信号的准确度和稳定度，驾驭后信号与国际标准时间协调世界时(UTC)相比，相位偏差保持在±3 ns以内，且30天稳定度优于5×10–16。Abstract: In order to meet the increasing demands for the performance of time in various application fields, an optimized frequency steering algorithm is designed and implemented in this paper, which is mainly divided into two parts: paper time scale calculation and physical signal implementation. ALGOS algorithm is adopted for the paper time scale calculation, and then an accurate and reliable time scale is calculated by using real-time atomic clock data and Circular T data, which ensures the accuracy and real-time steering reference scale. Real-time physical signals are implemented using an optimal Linear Quadratic Gaussian (LQG) control algorithmand and Kalman algorithm. By adjusting parameters in real time, the optimal frequency steering value is generated, this value is sent to the frequency adjustment device, and finally the output of the high-precision time signal is realized. The entire steering system is closed-loop. Based on time keeping system and atomic clock assemble, a test platform is built, and the algorithm is used to perform a 140 days frequency steering on a hydrogen maser clock, and finally the performance evaluation of the output physical signal is performed. Experimental results show that this algorithm improves effectively the accuracy and stability of the output physical signal. Compared with Universal Time Co-ordinated (UTC), the output time signal maintains a time deviation within ± 3 ns, and its stability is better than 5×10–16 at 30 days.
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