机载多通道SAR运动目标方位向速度和法向速度联合估计算法

姜文; 牛杰; 吴一戎; 梁兴东

doi:10.11999/JEIT190672

机载多通道SAR运动目标方位向速度和法向速度联合估计算法

doi: 10.11999/JEIT190672

姜文^{1, 2, 3, ,},
牛杰^{1, 2, 3},
吴一戎^{1, 2},
梁兴东^{1, 2}

1.
中国科学院空天信息创新研究院北京 100094
2.
微波成像技术国家重点实验室北京 100190
3.
中国科学院大学北京 100049

详细信息

作者简介:
姜文：男，1990年生，博士生，研究方向为机载多通道SAR地面动目标参数估计

牛杰：男，1993年生，博士生，研究方向为新体制SAR海面纹理增强

吴一戎：男，1963年生，中国科学院院士，研究方向为微波成像理论、微波成像技术、雷达信号处理等

梁兴东：男，1973年生，研究员，研究方向为高分辨率SAR系统、干涉SAR系统、成像处理及应用、实时数字信号处理等

通讯作者:
姜文　jiangwen13@mails.ucas.ac.cn

中图分类号: TN957.52
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出版历程
- 收稿日期: 2019-09-02
- 修回日期: 2020-02-14
- 网络出版日期: 2020-03-04
- 刊出日期: 2020-06-22

Joint Estimation Algorithm for Azimuth Velocity and Normal Velocity of Moving Targets in Airborne Multi-channel SAR

Wen JIANG^{1, 2, 3
, ,},
Jie NIU^{1, 2, 3},
Yirong WU^{1, 2},
Xingdong LIANG^{1, 2}

1.
Aerospace Information Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100094, China
2.
National Key Laboratory of Microwave Imaging Technology, Beijing 100190, China
3.
University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China

摘要

摘要:
对运动目标进行SAR成像时，参数估计是必不可少的。现有算法主要针对运动目标的径向速度和方位向速度进行估计，而对3维运动目标的法向速度无法估计。该文利用L型基线的机载多通道SAR系统，提出一种方位向速度和法向速度的联合估计算法。该算法在距离-多普勒域提取运动目标信号，并利用多幅SAR图像之间的相位差进行方位向速度和法向速度的联合估计。该算法不依赖图像配准，不需要解多普勒模糊，因此具有较高的估计精度和鲁棒性，有较强的实际意义和应用价值。
- 机载多通道SAR /
- 运动目标检测 /
- 方位向速度 /
- 法向速度 /
- 速度估计
Abstract:
Parameter estimation is essential for SAR imaging of moving targets. The existing algorithms mainly estimate the radial velocity and azimuth velocity of the moving target, but the normal velocity of the three-dimensional moving target can not be estimated. In this paper, a joint estimation algorithm of azimuth velocity and normal velocity is proposed by using an airborne multi-channel SAR system with L-shaped baseline. The algorithm extracts the moving target signal in Range-Doppler domain, and estimates the azimuth and normal velocity jointly using the phase differences between multiple SAR images. The algorithm does not rely on image registration, does not need to solve Doppler ambiguity. Therefore, the algorithm has high estimation accuracy and robustness, and has strong practical significance and application value.
- Airborne multi-channel SAR /
- Moving target detection /
- Azimuth velocity /
- Normal velocity /
- Velocity estimation

HTML全文

图 1 机载SAR 3维运动目标成像模型

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图 2 机载多通道SAR 3维运动目标成像模型

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图 3 速度联合估计算法处理流程

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图 4 运动目标1的多普勒域相位差

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图 5 运动目标2的多普勒域相位差

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图 6 运动目标3的多普勒域相位差

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图 7 运动目标聚焦前后的SAR图像

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图 8 运动目标方位向剖面图

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表 1 SAR系统仿真基本参数

中心频率	飞行速度	飞行高度	最近斜距	PRF	信噪比	多普勒带宽	顺轨基线	交轨基线
9.6 GHz	150 m/s	7500 m	20 km	2000	10 dB	500 Hz	1 m	1 m

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表 2 目标3维运动参数(m/s)

	径向向速度	方位向速度	法向速度
运动目标1	0	10	10
运动目标2	0	10	0
运动目标3	0	0	10

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表 3 运动目标速度估计结果及误差(m/s)

	理论方位向速度	理论法向速度	估计方位向速度	估计法向速度	方位向速度估计误差	法向速度估计误差
运动目标1	10.00	10.00	9.85	10.00	0.15	0
运动目标2	10.00	0	9.84	1.15×10^–15	0.16	1.15×10^–15
运动目标3	0	10.00	7.93×10^–2	9.90	7.93×10^–2	0.10

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表 4 SAR平台部分参数

距离向采样点数	PRF	天线间距	飞行速度	飞行高度	带宽
16384	781	1 m	146 m/s	7544 m	300 MHz

下载: 导出CSV

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