摘要:
量子密码学因密钥分配而众所周知,然而早先提出的量子密钥分配的安全证据包含许多技术困难。该文提出了一个概念更为简明的量子密钥分配的安全证据。此外,研究中还发现,在隐形传输下,因为改变了非平凡误差的模型序列,所以隐形传输信道的误差率与正被传输的信号无关。为此,将这一事实与最近提出的量子到经典的约简定理相结合。在讨论中,假定通信双方Alice和Bob有容错的量子计算机,结果表明:在任意长的距离上,即使面临各种窃听攻击及各种噪声存在的情况下,量子密钥分配依然具有无条件的安全特征。
Abstract:
Quantum cryptography is best known for key distribution. However, previous proposed proofs of security of Quantum Key Distribution (QKD) contain various technical subtleties. In this paper, a conceptually simpler proof of security of QKD is proposed. Also, the error rate of a teleportation channel has no concern with the signal being transmitted. This is because the non-trivial error patterns are permuted under teleportation. This inherent fact is combined with the recently proposed quantum to classical reduction theorem. In the argument, supposed Alice and Bob to have fault-tolerant quantum computer, the result shows that QKD can be made unconditionally secure over arbitrarily long distances even against the most general type of eavesdropping attacks and in the presence of all types of noises.
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