机载高分辨聚束式SAR实时成像处理系统的FPGA实现

周芳; 唐禹; 张佳佳; 邢孟道; 王玉

doi:10.3724/SP.J.1146.2010.00957

机载高分辨聚束式SAR实时成像处理系统的FPGA实现

doi: 10.3724/SP.J.1146.2010.00957

周芳^{* 唐禹张佳佳邢孟道王玉,},
唐禹,
张佳佳,
邢孟道,
王玉

基金项目:

国家自然科学基金委员会和中国民用航空局联合资助项目(61001210)资助课题

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- 被引次数: 0
出版历程
- 收稿日期: 2010-09-03
- 修回日期: 2010-12-09
- 刊出日期: 2011-05-19

Real-time Image Formation for Airborne High Resolution Spotlight SAR Based on FPGA

Zhou Fang^{* 唐禹张佳佳邢孟道王玉
,},
Tang Yu,
Zhang Jia-Jia,
Xing Meng-Dao,
Wang Yu

摘要

摘要: 该文设计并实现了一个基于FPGA的机载高分辨聚束式SAR实时成像系统。该系统基于经典极坐标算法，在2维波束域完成运动误差估计及补偿，获得了良好聚焦的图像。文中详细阐述了将算法映射到FPGA实现的设计过程，给出了硬件系统平台的构成，并对系统资源、运算速度和成像结果进行了分析。在对实测机载聚束式SAR数据进行实时处理的实验中，FPGA工作在100 MHz时，该系统11 s内可完成1638432768点8位数据的成像处理。良好的实时成像结果验证了该系统的有效性和可靠性。
- 聚束式合成孔径雷达 /
- 极坐标算法 /
- 运动补偿 /
- 实时成像 /
- 可编程逻辑门阵列
Abstract: This paper designs and realizes a real-time image processor for SAR based on Field Programmable Gate Arrays (FPGA). The system is suitable for high resolution airborne spotlight mode SAR. The scheme applies the Polar Format Algorithm (PFA) first. Then the motion error phase is estimated and compensated in azimuth wavenumber domain. In this paper, the design approaches and the hardware system architecture are given and the resource usage, processing speed and image result are analyzed in detail. The real-time experiment results show that the system can process 1024 MB SAR raw data within 11 s, when the FPGA processing units work at 100 MHz. The good experimental image also proves the validity and reliability of the proposed system.
- Spotlight SAR /
- Polar Format Algorithm (PFA) /
- Motion compensation /
- Real-time imaging /
- Field Programmable Gate Array (FPGA)

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参考文献(1)

Nie Xin, Zhu Dai-yin, Mao Xin-hua, and Zhu Zhao-da. The application of the principle of chirp scaling in processing stepped chirps in spotlight SAR[J]. IEEE Geoscience and Remote Sensing Letters, 2009, 6(4): 860-864.[2] Sandia National Laboratories. A publication featuring what's new in remote sensing technology at Sandia National Labortories. www. sandia.gov/radar/sar.html,2004,7.[3] 谢宜壮, 龙腾. 基于FPGA的SAR信号存储与预处理模块设计与实现[J]. 信号处理, 2010, 26(2): 180-183.Xie Yi-zhuang and Long Teng. Module design and implementation of SAR signal storage and pretreatment based on FPGA[J]. Signal Processing, 2010, 26(2): 180-183.[4] 熊君君, 王贞松, 姚建平. 星载SAR实时成像处理器的FPGA实现[J]. 电子学报, 2005, 33(6): 1070-1072.Xiong Jun-jun, Wang Zhen-song, and Yao Jian-ping. The FPGA design of on board SAR real time imaging processor[J]. Acta Electronica Sinica, 2005, 33(6): 1070-1072.[5] 唐禹, 邢孟道, 保铮, 王岩飞. 基于重叠子孔径极坐标算法的波前弯曲效应的补偿[J]. 电子学报, 2008, 36(6): 1-6.Tang Yu, Xing Meng-dao, Bao Zheng, and Wang Yan-fei. Wavefront curvature compensation based on overlapped subaperture polar format algorithm[J]. Acta Electronica Sinica, 2008, 36(6): 1-6.[6] 保铮, 邢孟道, 王彤. 雷达成像技术[M]. 第1版, 北京: 电子工业出版社, 2005, 第6章.[7] Carrara G, Goodman S, and Majewski M. Spotlight Synthetic Aperture Radar Signal Processing Algorithm[M]. Boston London: Artech House, 1995, Chapter 5.[8] Rodrigues K and Swartzlander E. Adaptive cordic: using parallel angle recoding to accelerate rotations. IEEE Transactions on Computers, 2010, 59(4): 522-531.[9] 刘碧丹, 韩松, 王岩飞. 图像幅度和值最小化自聚焦算法[J].电子与信息学报, 2009, 31(4): 768-771. Liu Bi-dan, Han Song, and Wang Yan-fei. Minimizing sum of image amplitudes autofocus algorithm[J]. Journal of Electronics Information Technology, 2009, 31(4): 768-771.[10] Kragh T J. Monotonic iterative algorithm for minimum- entropy autofocus. http: //llwebprod.ll.mit.edu/asap/asap_06/pdf/Papers/27_Kragh_Pa.pdf,2006,6.

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