基于Chirp-Z变换的串行双站斜视SAR成像算法

武拥军; 吴先良

doi:10.3724/SP.J.1146.2009.00102

基于Chirp-Z变换的串行双站斜视SAR成像算法

doi: 10.3724/SP.J.1146.2009.00102

武拥军^①②,,
吴先良^①

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出版历程
- 收稿日期: 2009-01-19
- 修回日期: 2009-07-16
- 刊出日期: 2010-02-19

Tandem Bistatic Squint SAR Imaging Algorithm Based on the Chirp-Z Transform

Wu Yong-jun^{①②
,},
Wu Xian-liang^①

摘要

摘要: 该文首先建立了串行双站斜视SAR的几何模型，给出了雷达回波的数学表达式，推导了它的2维频谱并对其特点做了分析。在2维频域内先用聚焦函数对观测场景中心的点目标进行精确成像，然后利用Chirp-Z变换校正了中心点两侧目标回波的距离徙动，再通过方位向逆傅里叶变换得到了雷达图像。该算法利用了Chirp-Z变换能够处理非线性调频信号的特点，简化了处理过程并提高了成像精度。仿真实验验证了这种基于Chirp-Z变换的新算法在处理串行双站斜视SAR数据时的有效性。
- 串行双站斜视SAR; 2维频谱; 聚焦函数; Chirp-Z变换; 成像算法
Abstract: This paper firstly setups the geometric model of the tandem bistatic squint SAR and presents the mathematic expression of the radar echoes, then its two-dimensional frequency spectrum is derived and its characteristic is analyzed. In two-dimensional frequency domain, the point targets in the center of the observed scene is precisely imaged by using the focusing function, then the Chirp-Z transform is used to correct the range cell migration of the target echoes in both side of the center points. Finally, the radar images are obtained by the inverse Fourier transform on the azimuth direction. Since the algorithm uses the property of the Chirp-Z transform processing the nonlinear modulation frequency signal, the processing procedure is simplified and the imaging precision is greatly improved. The simulation tests validate this new algorithm based on the Chirp-Z transform to process the data of the tandem bistatic squint SAR.

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[1] Wu Yong-jun, Huang Ye, and Wu Xian-liang. An equivalent monostatic imaging algorithm for bistatic synthetic aperture [C]. Proc. APSAR2007, Huangshan, China, 2007: 94-97. 张振华. 双/多基SAR成像算法研究, [博士论文], 西安: 西安电子科技大学, 2007: 55-60. Zhang Zhen-hua. Study of bi-and multistatic SAR image formation [D]. [P.D. dissertation], Xian: Xidian university, 2007: 55-60. [2] DAria D, Guarnieri A M, and Rocca F. Focusing bistatic synthetic aperture radar using dip move out [J].IEEE Transactions on Geosciences and Remote Sensing.2004, 42(7):1362-1376 [3] Aria D, Monti Guarnieri A, and Rocca F. Precision bistatic processing with a standard SAR processor[C]. Proc. EUSAR2004, Ulm, Germany, 2004: 385-388. [4] Loffeld O and Nies H, et al.. Model and useful relations for bistatic SAR processing [J]. IEEE Transactions on Geosciences and Remote Sensing, 2004, 42(10): 2034-2038. [5] Natroshvili K, Loffeld O, and Nies H, et al.. First steps to [6] bistatic focusing[C]. Proc. IGASS, Seoul, Korea, 2005: [7] 72-1076. [8] 李申, 孙进平, 刘振华等. 合成孔径雷达的Chirp Z成像算法研究[J]. 现代雷达, 2008, 30(1): 48-51. Li Shen, Sun Jin-ping, and Liu Zhen-hua, et al.. Research of Chirp Z imaging algorithm for SAR [J]. Modern Radar, 2008, 30(1): 48-51. [9] Tang Yu and Xing Meng-dao. Two dimension Chirp-Z transform for polar format imaging algorithm[C]. Proc. APSAR2007, Huangshan, China, 2007: 94-97. [10] Jiang Zhi-hong, Fu Kan-huang, and Wan Jian-wei. A Chirp transform algorithm for processing squint mode FMCW SAR data [J].IEEE Transactions on Geosciences and Remote Sensing, Letters.2007, 4(3):377-381 [11] 尹曼, 皮亦鸣. 结合Chirp Z变换的聚束SAR极坐标格式成像算法[J]. 雷达科学与技术, 2007, 5(5): 349-352. Yin Man and Pi Yi-ming. Polar format algorithm for spotlight SAR imaging based on Chirp-Z transform [J]. Radar Science and Technology, 2007, 5(5): 349-352.

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