Abstract: On the base of analysis about energy efficient schemes for data transmissions including cluster-based traditional scheme and cooperative diversity, a communication scheme--cluster-based multiuser diversity data transmission scheme is proposed to improve energy efficiency of the wireless sensor networks. The theory analysis shows that energy consumption depends on data aggregation ratio, transmission power of intracluster communication, reception power of intercluster communication, the cost energy of circuit and number of sensors within a cluster. The simulation result verifies that the proposed communication scheme provides the best energy efficiency.