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摘要: 人类视觉系统通过多层神经元相互配合，实现了具备自适应性、灵敏度高、响应速度快的光感知功能。本文通过研究人类视觉系统中感光细胞的工作原理，提出了一种基于忆阻器的视杆细胞光感电路，并应用于脉冲相机。首先，通过总结视杆细胞感光过程中离子变化机制提出了视杆细胞数学模型。其次，提出两种忆阻器模型以模拟感光细胞中钠离子和钙离子通道的特性。之后，构建了视杆细胞光感电路，实现光电转换，电路具备自适应性，同时具有速度高、功耗低、动态范围广等优势。最后将视杆细胞光感电路应用于脉冲相机，电路仿真结果表明，与采用简化神经元光感电路和传统CMOS方案的脉冲相机相比，基于视杆细胞光感电路的脉冲相机转换速度提升了20%和150%，系统功耗相比于传统CMOS电路降低了30%。
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表 1 离子忆阻器参数设置
离子通道 $ {R}_{off} $ $ {R}_{on} $ $ {V}_{th} $ $ {V}_{h} $ $ {b}_{1} $ $ {b}_{2} $ $ {q}_{1} $ $ {q}_{2} $ Na+ 1MΩ - –110 mV –119.5 mV 15 2 - - Ca2+ 1 MΩ 30 kΩ 50 mV 7 mV 18 –9.8 –0.51 –0.51 
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