短包安全隐蔽通信设计与优化

田波; 杨炜伟; 沙力; 尚志会; 曹阔; 刘长明

doi:10.11999/JEIT250800

短包安全隐蔽通信设计与优化

doi: 10.11999/JEIT250800 cstr: 32379.14.JEIT250800

田波¹,
杨炜伟¹,
沙力^1, ,,
尚志会²,
曹阔³,
刘长明⁴

1.
陆军工程大学通信工程学院南京 210007
2.
国防科技大学第六十三研究所南京 210007
3.
国防科技大学电子科学学院长沙 410073
4.
同方电子科技有限公司九江 332000

基金项目: 国家自然科学基金(62201584, 62427802, 62301594, 62171461和62071486)

详细信息

作者简介:
田波：男，博士生，研究方向为物理层安全、隐蔽通信

杨炜伟：男，教授，研究方向为协同通信、无线物理层安全、隐蔽通信

沙力：男，助教，研究方向为物理层安全、无人系统控制

尚志会：男，博士后，副教授，研究方向为无线通信、协同通信、电磁频谱安全与管控

曹阔：男，博士，讲师，研究方向为无线通信、物理层安全

刘长明：男，高级工程师，研究方向为无线通信、无线物理层安全

通讯作者:
沙力　sanshaoaeu@163.com

中图分类号: TN918.91
计量
- 文章访问数: 75
- HTML全文浏览量: 42
- PDF下载量: 16
- 被引次数: 0
出版历程
- 收稿日期: 2025-08-27
- 修回日期: 2025-10-12
- 录用日期: 2025-11-03
- 网络出版日期: 2025-11-12

Short Packet Secure Covert Communication Design and Optimization

1.
College of Communication Engineering, Army Engineering University of PLA, Nanjing 210007, China
2.
The 63rd Research Institute, National University of Defense Technology, Nanjing 210007, China
3.
College of Electronic Science and Technology, National University of Defense Technology, Changsha 410073, China
4.
Tongfang Electronic Technology Company, Jiujiang 332000, China

Funds: The National Natural Science Foundation of China (62201584, 62427802, 62301594, 62171461 and 62071486)

摘要

摘要: 针对短包多输入单输出(MISO)通信系统中面临窃听与检测双重安全威胁的问题，该文提出一种短包安全隐蔽通信设计与优化方案，分析了系统的隐蔽性能和物理层安全性能，在此基础上，提出衡量系统安全隐蔽性能的平均有效安全隐蔽速率(AESCR)，该指标统一量化了系统隐蔽性、保密性和可靠性，且主要受包长和发射功率影响。构建了最大化AESCR的双变量优化问题并求解。仿真结果表明，所提方案与优化发射功率的基准方案相比，可以有效提高系统中的AESCR；系统AESCR随发射天线数单调递增，且存在最优包长权衡传输效率与隐蔽性。
- 短包通信 /
- 物理层安全 /
- 隐蔽通信 /
- 平均有效安全隐蔽速率
Abstract: Objective The study addresses the dual security threats of eavesdropping and detection in Multiple-Input Single-Output (MISO) communication systems under short packet transmission conditions. An integrated secure and covert transmission scheme is proposed, combining physical layer security with covert communication techniques. The approach aims to overcome the limitations of conventional encryption in short packet scenarios, enhance communication concealment, and ensure information confidentiality. The optimization objective is to maximize the Average Effective Secrecy and Covert Rate (AESCR) through the joint optimization of packet length and transmit power, thereby providing robust security for low-latency Internet of Things (IoT) applications. Methods A MISO system model employing MRT beamforming is adopted to exploit spatial degrees of freedom for improved security. Through theoretical analysis, closed-form expressions are derived for the warden’s (Willie’s) optimal detection threshold and minimum detection error probability. A statistical covertness constraint based on Kullback–Leibler (KL) divergence is formulated to convert intractable instantaneous requirements into a tractable average constraint. A new performance metric, the AESCR, is proposed to comprehensively assess system performance in terms of covertness, secrecy, and reliability. The optimization strategy centers on the joint design of packet length and transmit power. By utilizing the inherent coupling between these variables, the original dual-variable maximization problem is reformulated into a tractable form solvable through an efficient one-dimensional search. Results and Discussions Simulation results confirm the theoretical analysis, showing close consistency between the derived expressions and Monte Carlo simulations for Willie’s detection error probability. The findings indicate that multi-antenna configurations markedly enhance the AESCR by directing signal energy toward the legitimate receiver and reducing eavesdropping risk. The proposed joint optimization of transmit power and packet length achieves a substantially higher AESCR than power-only optimization, particularly under stringent covertness constraints. The study further reveals key trade-offs: an optimal packet length exists that balances coding gain and exposure risk, while relaxed covertness constraints yield continuous improvements in AESCR. Moreover, multi-antenna technology is shown to be crucial for mitigating the inherent low-power limitations of covert communication. Conclusions This study presents an integrated framework for secure and covert communication in short packet MISO systems, achieving notable performance gains through the joint optimization of transmit power and packet length. The main contributions include: (i) a transmission architecture that combines security and covertness, supported by closed-form solutions for the warden’s detection threshold and error probability under a KL divergence-based constraint; (ii) the introduction of the AESCR metric, which unifies the assessment of secrecy, covertness, and reliability; and (iii) the formulation and efficient resolution of the AESCR maximization problem. Simulation results verify that the proposed joint optimization strategy exceeds power-only optimization, particularly under stringent covertness conditions. The AESCR increases monotonically with the number of transmit antennas, and an optimal packet length is identified that balances transmission efficiency and covertness.
- Short packet communication /
- Physical layer security /
- Covert communication /
- Average Effective Secrecy and Covert Rate (AESCR)

HTML全文

图 1 短包安全隐蔽通信MISO系统

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图 2 时隙传输结构

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图 3 最小检测错误概率与包长$N$的变化

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图 4 平均安全速率$ \mathbb{E}\left[ {{R_s}} \right] $与包长$N$的变化

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图 5 AESCR与包长$N$的变化

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图 6 AESCR与隐蔽约束阈值$ \varepsilon $的变化

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图 7 两种方案下AESCR与隐蔽约束阈值$ \varepsilon $的对比

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