面向6G的通信感知一体化关键技术体系与硬件原型验证

赵川斌; 孙红; 张腾宇; 罗宏亮; 王禹淙; 蒋玉骅; 林博; 高飞飞

doi:10.11999/JEIT241114

面向6G的通信感知一体化关键技术体系与硬件原型验证

doi: 10.11999/JEIT241114

赵川斌^{1, 2},
孙红³,
张腾宇¹,
罗宏亮¹,
王禹淙¹,
蒋玉骅¹,
林博¹,
高飞飞^1, ,

1.
清华大学自动化系北京 100084
2.
中国电信股份有限公司四川分公司成都 610000
3.
《中国通信》杂志社北京 100029

基金项目: 国家自然科学基金(62325107)，四川省重点研发计划(2025YFHZ0022)

详细信息

作者简介:
赵川斌：男，高级工程师，博士生，研究方向为无线通感一体化、多模态AI感知、移动边缘计算

孙红：女，工程师，硕士，研究方向为移动通信、网络安全和人工智能与大数据等

张腾宇：博士生，研究方向为包括无线通信、通信感知一体化、通信硬件系统设计、雷达硬件系统设计等

罗宏亮：博士生，研究方向为包括无线通信、通感一体化、低空智联网、阵列信号处理等

王禹淙：博士生，研究方向为包括宽带无线通信、通信感知一体化、THz通信系统设计、雷达系统设计等

蒋玉骅：博士生，研究方向包括电磁系数感知、通感一体化、生成式人工智能

林博：博士生，研究方向为包括智能通信、通信大模型、AI- RAN、通信感知一体化等

高飞飞：教授，博士生导师，研究方向为智能无线通信与感知、通感一体化、电磁感知论、具身智能等

通讯作者:
高飞飞　feifeigao@tsing.edu.cn

中图分类号: TN929.5
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- 文章访问数: 255
- HTML全文浏览量: 127
- PDF下载量: 86
- 被引次数: 0
出版历程
- 收稿日期: 2024-12-19
- 修回日期: 2025-04-02
- 网络出版日期: 2025-04-08
- 刊出日期: 2025-04-01

Integrated Sensing and Communications Framework for 6G: Key Technologies and Hardware Prototype Validation

1.
Department of Automation, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China
2.
China Telecom Corporation Sichuan Branch, Chengdu 610000, China
3.
China Communications Magazine Co. LTD., Beijing 100029, China

Funds: The National Natural Science Foundation of China (62325107), The Natural Science Foundation of Sichuan Province (2025YFHZ0022)

摘要

摘要: 第6代移动通信(6G)系统将基于通信感知一体化能力获取精确的环境信息和用户状态信息，从而在保障通信业务的同时将真实物理世界复刻为数字孪生世界。该文提出一种完备的6G通感一体关键技术体系，包括静态环境重构、动态目标感知、物体材质识别3大基本能力。具体地，该文设计了基于多用户、多基站、主被动融合的静态环境重构技术，构建了多基站协同、多特征融合的动态目标感知技术，研究了基于多基站协同的电磁感知与材质识别技术。在此基础上，开发了基于射频系统级芯片上的现场可编程门阵列(RFSoC-FPGA)的通用通感一体化硬件原型平台，可在保持通信服务的同时有效重建环境地图并感知动态目标。
- 通信感知一体化 /
- 静态环境重构 /
- 动态目标感知 /
- 物体材质识别 /
- 硬件原型验证
Abstract: Objective The Sixth-Generation (6G) mobile communications network will evolve from being human-centered to agent-centered, enabling a deep integration of multi-dimensional functions such as communication, sensing, and computation. It will further advance key physical layer technologies, including large arrays, broad bandwidth, multi-frequency bands, and multi-node collaboration, giving rise to the Integrated Sensing And Communications (ISAC) system. The ISAC system will support communication services while leveraging communication signals to sense and monitor comprehensive information about the physical world. This will empower a range of services, including low-altitude economy, digital twins, Internet of Vehicles, industrial Internet, and smart cities. However, realizing comprehensive sensing of the physical world while maintaining communication performance remains a critical challenge that requires further research. Methods This study presents a framework to deconstruct the physical world into static environments, dynamic targets, and various object materials. The static environment, which includes buildings, roads, trees, and other structures, constitutes the majority of the physical world. Sensing the static environment is fundamental for the sensory system’s understanding of the physical world. A multi-user, multi-Base Station (BS), and active-passive fusion approach for Static Environment Reconstruction (SER) is proposed. This method constructs two-dimensional or three-dimensional maps of the physical world by analyzing environmental scattering point data collected during communication between the BS and the user. Dynamic targets within the static environment, including pedestrians, vehicles, and drones, contribute to the spatiotemporal movement of the physical world. Sensing these dynamic targets is vital for enabling the sensory system to support various applications in production and daily life. A Dynamic Target Sensing (DTS) technology is proposed, leveraging multi-BS collaboration and multi-feature fusion. This technology actively transmits detection signals from the BS and receives target echo signals, enabling the monitoring of the existence, position, velocity, and category of dynamic targets. Object materials, such as metal, wood, and fabric, influence the propagation laws and interaction patterns of electromagnetic signals in the physical world. Thus, sensing the material properties of objects is crucial for the sensory system’s analysis of the fundamental laws governing the physical world. To address this, a material recognition technology based on multi-BS collaboration is proposed, which identifies the material properties of target objects by analyzing the electromagnetic coefficients of the scattering points in the BS-object-user channel. Results and Discussions Building on theoretical research, this paper presents the development of a universal ISAC hardware prototype platform based on RF System-on-Chip (RFSoC) and Field Programmable Gate Array (FPGA). With the implementation of a self-developed ISAC baseband algorithm, the platform enables real-time sensing of dynamic targets and accurate mapping of static environments. Conclusions This paper proposes a synesthesia ISAC framework based on the concept of "separation of dynamic and static," which thoroughly analyzes the interaction between the physical world and electromagnetic wave signals. It decomposes the sensing of the physical world into SER, DTS, and Object Material Recognition (OMR), thereby providing substantial support for the ultimate goal of synesthesia—accurately replicating the real physical world into a digital twin.
- Integrated Sensing And Communications (ISAC) /
- Static Environment Reconstruction (SER) /
- Dynamic Target Sensing (DTS) /
- Object Material Recognition (OMR) /
- Hardware prototype validation

HTML全文

图 1 基于多用户选择的环境重构

下载: 全尺寸图片幻灯片

图 2 基于环境地图匹配的多基站联合环境重构

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图 3 基于主被动感知结合的静态环境重构

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图 4 单基站通感系统框架及全流程感知方案示意图

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图 5 基于多站协同和多特征融合的目标精准辨识方案示意图

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图 6 单基站下材质感知方案示意图

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图 7 静态环境重构与材质识别联合原型验证平台架构

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图 8 静态环境重构和材质识别多场景实际验证

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图 9 动态目标感知原型验证平台架构

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图 10 通信感知一体化动态目标感知平台实际验证效果

下载: 全尺寸图片幻灯片

表 1 静态环境重构和材质识别联合验证平台通信感知基带、射频链路参数

参数	参数值
毫米波中心频率	26 GHz
毫米波天线规模	32×1均匀线性阵列
感知方位向分辨率	2°/波束指向
基带链路带宽	单相410 MHz 双相820 MHz
感知距离向分辨率	双相820 MHz带宽下0.18 m
毫米波感知覆盖范围	距离向覆盖范围0～30 m
通信技术	基于OFDM的时分复用通信
感知技术	基于OFDM的动静一体化感知
IEEE 802.11N帧长	10 ms
FFT点数	2 048
调制方式	16 QAM
物理层基带板卡系统功率	22 W
毫米波天线射频最大发射功率 (通道功率总和)	3 W
建图帧率	5 fps

下载: 导出CSV

表 2 动态目标感知原型验证平台通信感知基带、射频链路参数

参数	参数值
中心频率	5.5 GHz(sub-6G)/ 26 GHz(mmWave)
天线规模	2T8R全数字天线(sub-6G) 32×1均匀线性阵列(mmWave)
基带链路带宽	双相820 MHz
感知距离向分辨率	双相820 MHz带宽下0.18 m
感知速度分辨率	0.42 m/s
RD矩阵维度	64×64
通信技术	基于OFDM的时分复用通信
感知技术	基于OFDM的动静一体化感知
IEEE 802.11N帧长	10 ms
FFT点数	2 048
调制方式	16 QAM
物理层基带板卡系统功率	22 W
毫米波天线射频最大发射功率 (通道功率总和)	3 W
动态目标感知帧率	20 fps

下载: 导出CSV

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