3DSARBuSim 1.0：人造建筑高分辨星载SAR三维成像仿真数据集

焦润之; 邓嘉; 韩亚权; 黄海风; 王青松; 赖涛; 王小青

doi:10.11999/JEIT230882

3DSARBuSim 1.0：人造建筑高分辨星载SAR三维成像仿真数据集

doi: 10.11999/JEIT230882

中山大学电子与通信工程学院深圳 518107

基金项目: 国家自然科学基金(62071499, 62273365)

详细信息

作者简介:
焦润之：男，博士生，研究方向为层析合成孔径雷达技术等

邓嘉：男，硕士生，研究方向为计算机图像模拟技术等

韩亚权：男，博士生，研究方向为层析合成孔径雷达成像技术等

黄海风：男，教授，主要研究方向为空间电子和智能感知领域的基础理论和关键技术，包括智慧遥感、测绘、海洋、监视、地质灾害等

王青松：男，副教授，研究方向为遥感图像精化处理、智能视觉导航、协同探测感知与信息融合等

赖涛：男，副教授，研究方向为SAR系统设计与信息处理、MIMO成像雷达系统设计与信息处理等

王小青：男，教授，研究方向为雷达海洋遥感、农业遥感、雷达信号处理等

通讯作者:
黄海风　huanghaifeng@mail.sysu.edu.cn

中图分类号: TN918
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- 被引次数: 0
出版历程
- 收稿日期: 2023-08-11
- 修回日期: 2024-04-08
- 网络出版日期: 2024-04-26
- 刊出日期: 2024-07-29

3DSARBuSim 1.0: High-Resolution Space Borne SAR 3D Imaging Simulation Dataset of Man-Made Buildings

School of Electronics and Communication Engineering, Sun Yat-sen University, Shenzhen 518107, China

Funds: The National Natural Science Foundation of China (62071499, 62273365)

摘要

摘要: 层析合成孔径雷达(Tomographic Synthetic Aperture Radar, TomoSAR)成像技术可有效解决陡峭地形叠掩恢复难题，因此成为城市测绘技术的研究热点之一。基于公开数据集的评估是TomoSAR算法研究与系统论证的必要过程，但目前存在的公开数据集缺乏相应的地物模型真值，无法对算法进行定量验证。为解决这一问题，并进一步推动TomoSAR技术的发展，该文首先提出一种基于射线追踪的先进星载雷达模拟器(Ray Tracing Space Borne Radar Advanced Simulator, RT-SBRAS)，相较过往方法，该模拟器可快速稳定地模拟复杂建筑物星载SAR图像。基于此，构建了人造建筑物高分辨SAR三维成像仿真(3D SAR Building Simulation, 3DSARBuSim)数据集的1.0版本，其中包含8个典型建筑物场景的双频段多航过全链路仿真数据。最后给出正交匹配追踪(Orthogonal Matching Pursuit, OMP)算法和双频OMP算法在所提数据集上的验证实验，该数据集可对算法进行清晰、准确的定量比较。
- 合成孔径雷达(SAR) /
- 层析成像 /
- 双频 /
- 数据集
Abstract: Tomographic Synthetic Aperture Radar (TomoSAR) can effectively recover the information of ground objects in steep terrain, and is one of the research hotspots in urban mapping. However, the current public data sets lack the true values of the object models, and cannot quantitatively verify the TomoSAR algorithm. To solve this problem and further promote the development of TomoSAR technology, this paper first proposes an RT-SBRAS (Ray Tracing Based Space Borne Radar Advanced Simulator), which can quickly and stably simulate the spaceborne SAR images of complex buildings compared with previous methods. Based on this, the 1.0 version of the 3D SAR Building Simulation (3DSARBuSim) data set is constructed, which contains the full-link simulation data of eight typical building scenes in dual-band and multi-pass. Finally, Orthogonal Matching Pursuit (OMP) and dual-frequency OMP algorithms are verified on the proposed data set, and the data set can provide clear and accurate quantitative comparison for the algorithms.
- Synthetic Aperture Radar (SAR) /
- Tomography /
- Dual-frequency /
- Data set

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图 1 RT-SBRAS系统结构框图

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图 2 多次反射示意图

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图 3 射线追踪示意图

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图 4 二维成像验证模型

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图 5 场景模型局部放大

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图 6 各方法仿真结果与实测数据对比

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图 7 各方法仿真结果与实测数据间相似度指标图

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图 8 互相关系数图与干涉图

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图 9 点目标三维模型与其场景建模散射特性计算结果

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图 10 双波段点目标图像

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图 12 波段点目标层析成像结果

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图 11 航过及其采样示意图

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图 13 不同方法获得的其他仿真数据三维成像结果的3D点云

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图 14 埃菲尔铁塔的各波段所选航过数据重建结果点云

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图 15 埃菲尔铁塔的各波段所选航过数据重建结果点云与场景建模结果点云配准图

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表 1 分布式干涉SAR卫星轨道六根数

序号	参数
序号	半长轴a(km)	偏心率e	轨道倾角i(°)	升交点赤经$\varOmega $(°)	近地点幅角ω(°)	真近点角f(°)
1	6893.38	0.00135	97.4478	295.305	66.7208	76.6798
30	6893.38	0.00138	97.4535	295.314	72.2645	71.1363

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表 2 3DSARBUsim 1.0数据集卫星雷达载荷仿真参数

参数	数值
工作频率1 (GHz)	9.6
工作频率2 (GHz)	7.2
下视角 (°)	36.52
脉冲重复频率 (Hz)	3785
接收信号采样频率 (MHz)	400
发射信号带宽 (MHz)	300
发射信号峰值功率 (W)	7680
发射信号脉宽 (s)	4.7×10^–5
图像方位向采样频率 (Hz)	7570
理论方位分辨率 (m)	1.01
理论斜距分辨率 (m)	0.50

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表 3 数据集文件构成

序号	文件后缀	说明
1	*.skp	各建筑物原始三维模型文件
2	*BulidingPc[Name].dat	各建筑物场景构建结果点云文件
3	*BulidingSLC[Name].dat	各建筑物双频段SLC数据，float32格式，实部虚部交替存放
4	*Parameters.dat	实现三维成像所需要的详尽参数，包括卫星轨道数据、天线相位中心数据、雷达系统参数等
5	*readme.pdf	说明文件，给出数据集中文件数据存储地址、字节数

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表 4 3DSARBuSim 1.0建筑物选择

英国伦敦塔桥	泰国泰姬陵	俄罗斯圣巴西勒大教堂	悉尼歌剧院	希腊万神殿	中国黄鹤楼	法国埃菲尔铁塔	法国巴黎圣母院

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表 5 3DSARBuSim 1.0建筑物参考卫星仿真SAR图像

泰姬陵	伦敦塔桥	希腊万神殿	巴黎圣母院	悉尼歌剧院	圣巴西勒大教堂	黄鹤楼	埃菲尔铁塔

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表 6 算法恢复双频、单频数据三维场景重建完整性和精确度

指标	波段	伦敦桥	悉尼歌剧院	巴黎圣母院	泰姬陵	黄鹤楼	埃菲尔铁塔	圣巴西勒大教堂	希腊万神殿
完整性(m)	C	44.6201	5.1023	16.1274	10.8159	2.1040	6.6170	7.9663	5.6728
	X	64.3135	6.5311	14.9781	20.7736	2.4556	17.6414	6.5897	5.6028
	双频	4.3683	4.1709	13.0377	10.6187	2.6998	9.5862	4.5173	3.1208
精确度(m)	C	20.3231	7.1584	2.3680	2.6077	11.2004	4.2615	2.0330	6.2672
	X	28.3335	15.0973	4.2324	3.8414	9.5589	4.6720	2.1939	6.0266
	双频	3.5853	3.2969	5.4178	3.4100	8.3067	4.0461	2.3919	5.3200

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