仓储场景中基于无线标签的三维定位方法

刘凯凯; 田增山; 李泽; 万晓榆

doi:10.11999/JEIT221269

仓储场景中基于无线标签的三维定位方法

doi: 10.11999/JEIT221269

1.
重庆邮电大学通信与信息工程学院重庆 400065
2.
重庆邮电大学工业物联网与网络化控制教育部重点实验室重庆 400065
3.
重庆邮电大学经济管理学院重庆 400065

基金项目: 重庆市教委科学技术研究项目(KJQN202100647)

详细信息

作者简介:
刘凯凯：男，高级工程师，博士生，研究方向为物联网、信号处理、天线传播、无线定位与感知等

田增山：男，教授，博士生导师，研究方向为移动通信、个人通信、GPS与蜂窝网定位技术等

李泽：男，博士，研究方向为工业物联网、自动控制、信号处理、天线传播、无线定位与感知等

万晓榆：男，教授，博士生导师，研究方向为NGN网络、现代邮政技术、仓储物流等

通讯作者:
田增山　tianzs@cqupt.edu.cn

中图分类号: TN92
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- 被引次数: 0
出版历程
- 收稿日期: 2022-10-08
- 修回日期: 2023-03-03
- 网络出版日期: 2023-03-13
- 刊出日期: 2023-12-26

3-D Localization Method Based on Wireless Tags in Warehouse Scenarios

1.
School of Communication and Information Engineering, Chongqing University of Posts and Telecommunications, Chongqing 400065, China
2.
Key Laboratory of Industrial Internet of Things & Networked Control, Ministry of Education, Chongqing University of Posts and Telecommunications, Chongqing 400065, China
3.
School of Economics and Management, Chongqing University of Posts and Telecommunications, Chongqing 400065, China

Funds: The Science and Technology Research Program of Chongqing Municipal Education Commission (KJQN202100647)

摘要

摘要: 仓储行业在面向智能化发展中面临因无法获取物资的室内位置信息而导致出库、入库难等问题，为实现对物资准确定位，该文提出一种基于无线标签的目标3维定位方法。设计的无线标签安置在待定位物资上，将来自发射机正交频分复用(OFDM)信号反射到具有均匀面阵(UPA)天线阵列的接收机，进行多通道的信道估计后，利用分步的稀疏恢复算法实现高维无线信道参数估计，并结合发射机、标签和接收机的空间几何位置，建立标签位置的优化问题，最后采用群智能算法搜索得到目标准确的3维位置。为验证系统，实现了标签及收发机原型，实测结果表明，目标的中值3维定位精度达到0.53 m。
- 室内3维定位 /
- 无线标签 /
- 均匀面阵 /
- 稀疏恢复 /
- 群智能
Abstract: The warehousing industry is striding forward in the direction of intelligence. Still, the challenges of in-storage and out-storage, caused by the lack of location information of goods indoors, hinder it. To achieve accurate localization of goods, a 3-D localization method based on wireless tags is proposed. The designed tags are mounted on the goods, reflecting the Orthogonal Frequency Division Multiplexing (OFDM) signals from the transmitter. The receiver with a Uniform Planar Array (UPA) as receiving antenna receives the signals and gets the channel estimates on multiple antenna channels. Then, the multi-dimensional wireless channel parameters are obtained using the two-step sparse recovery algorithm. An optimization problem for solving the unknown tags' locations is built according to the geometric locations of the receiver, transmitter, and tags in 3-D space. Finally, the swarm intelligence method is utilized to search accurately the tags' locations. The tag prototype, OFDM transmitter, and receiver are realized to validate the system based on the proposed scheme. Experimental results demonstrate that the system can achieve a 3-D median accuracy of 0.53 m.
- Indoor 3-D localization /
- Wireless tag /
- Uniform Planar Array (UPA) /
- Sparse recovery /
- Swarm intelligence

HTML全文

图 1 仓储场景中定位物资的示意图

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图 2 基于无线标签的室内目标3维定位方法

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图 3 均匀面阵的接收信号模型

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图 4 两步OMP信道参数估计流程图

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图 5 PSO算法搜索无线标签3维位置过程

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图 6 定位方法流程图

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图 7 无线标签架构与原型图

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图 8 OFDM收发系统架构

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图 9 接收机原型

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图 10 测试场景布置

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图 11 实际测试场景照片

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图 12 物资的真实位置与估计位置

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图 13 定位精度CDF图

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图 14 方位角与倾角估计精度CDF图

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图 15 标签反射路径ToF估计精度CDF图

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图 16 多标签3维定位仿真

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图 17 3标签同时反射时的初始种群

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图 18 仿真结果：定位精度CDF图

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表 1 基于无线标签定位系统的性能对比

系统	2维定位	3维定位	单站定位	兼容现有WiFi设备
本系统	0.70 m@90%	0.88 m@90%	可以	可以
TagFi^[9]	0.62 m@80%	无	可以	可以
RF-Echo^[8]	0.46 m@90%	无	不能	不能
WiTag^[7]	0.92 m@50%	无	不能	不能

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