基于区块链的多关键词模糊搜索加密方案

闫玺玺; 冯苏伟; 汤永利; 尹沛

doi:10.11999/JEIT220207

基于区块链的多关键词模糊搜索加密方案

doi: 10.11999/JEIT220207

河南理工大学软件学院焦作 454003

基金项目: 河南省高校基本科研业务费专项资金(NSFRF210312)，河南省青年人才托举工程项目(2021HYTP008)

详细信息

作者简介:
闫玺玺：女，副教授，研究方向为网络与信息安全、数字版权管理、数据内容安全和密码学等

冯苏伟：男，硕士生，研究方向为密码学与信息安全

汤永利：男，教授，研究方向为密码学与信息安全等

尹沛：男，硕士生，研究方向为密码学与信息安全

通讯作者:
冯苏伟　BeiYi1105@163.com

中图分类号: TN918; TP309.2
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- 文章访问数: 731
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- 被引次数: 0
出版历程
- 收稿日期: 2022-03-01
- 修回日期: 2022-05-24
- 网络出版日期: 2022-06-01
- 刊出日期: 2023-04-10

Multi-keyword Fuzzy Search Encryption Scheme Based on Blockchain

Software College, Henan Polytechnic University, Jiaozuo 454003, China

Funds: The Fundamental Research Funds for the Universities of Henan Province (NSFRF210312), The Youth Talent Support Program of Henan Association for Science and Technology (2021HYTP008)

摘要

摘要: 针对1对多数据密文共享中多关键词模糊匹配和用户公平性问题，该文提出一种基于区块链的多关键词模糊搜索加密方案。该文提出一种R-HashMap索引结构，通过使用对偶编码函数和位置敏感哈希函数来构建安全索引，并采用K最近邻算法来加密索引，通过计算欧式距离度量查询关键词向量与索引节点之间的相似性，实现多关键词模糊密文搜索。该文除了消除预定义词典和降低存储开销外，还在不增加搜索复杂度的前提下实现对安全索引的更新。此外，将以太坊区块链技术与可搜索加密方案相结合避免了恶意服务器对数据的篡改，使用智能合约作为可信第三方进行检索工作，不仅可以防止云服务器内部的关键词猜测攻击，还可以解决检索结果不正确的问题。通过安全性证明分析，该文不但满足自适应选择关键词语义安全性，还可以保护用户隐私和数据安全。将该文与其他方案进行实验对比，证明该文在保证精确度的前提下，时间开销上具有更好的效率优势。
- 加密方案 /
- 多关键词 /
- 模糊搜索 /
- 可验证 /
- 以太坊智能合约
Abstract: Considering the problem of multi-keyword fuzzy matching and user fairness in one-to-many data ciphertext sharing, a multi-keyword fuzzy search encryption scheme based on blockchain is proposed. An R-HashMap index structure is proposed. The secure index is constructed by using pairs coding function and position sensitive hash function, and the K-nearest neighbor algorithm is used to encrypt the index. The similarity between the query keyword vector and the index node is calculated by Euclidian distance measure, and the multi-keyword fuzzy ciphertext search is realized. In addition to eliminating the pre-defined dictionary and reducing the storage overhead, this scheme also realizes the update of the security index without increasing the search complexity. In addition, the combination of Ethereum blockchain technology and searchable encryption scheme avoids data tampering by malicious servers, and the use of smart contracts as trusted third parties for retrieval work can not only prevent keyword guessing attacks within cloud servers, but also solve the problem of incorrect retrieval results. Through security proof analysis, the proposed scheme not only satisfies the semantic security of adaptive keyword selection, but also can protect user privacy and data security. The experimental comparison between this program and other schemes proves that the program has better efficiency in terms of time and cost while ensuring accuracy.
- Encryption scheme /
- Multi-keyword /
- Fuzzy search /
- Verifiable /
- Ethereum smart contract

HTML全文

图 1 索引结构

下载: 全尺寸图片幻灯片

图 2 系统模型

下载: 全尺寸图片幻灯片

图 3 效率比较

下载: 全尺寸图片幻灯片

表 1 功能对比

方案	关键词类型	动态更新	top-k	模糊搜索	可验证	区块链	智能合约
文献[6]	多关键词	√	√	√	×	×	×
文献[9]	多关键词	×	×	×	√	√	√
文献[18]	多关键词	√	×	×	√	√	√
文献[19]	多关键词	×	√	√	×	×	×
本文	多关键词	√	√	√	√	√	√

下载: 导出CSV

表 2 计算开销对比

方案	索引生成阶段	陷门生成阶段	更新阶段	查询阶段
文献[6]	nt(H+T)+nB	sH+B+sT	u(H+T)+T	nE
文献[19]	nt(H+F)+nB	sH+B+sF	–	YE
本文	lH+S	sH	u(H+p)	E(p+2)

下载: 导出CSV

表 3 查询文档数量对查准率的影响

文档数量(个)	20	25	30	35	40	45	50
查准率(%)	88	83	82	80	79	75	72

下载: 导出CSV

表 4 查询关键词数量对查准率的影响

查询关键词数量(个)	10	15	20	25
查准率(%)	75	81	88	91

下载: 导出CSV

参考文献(20)

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