一种准光模式变换器的设计和实验

杨晨; 郭炜; 李文奇; 张志强; 罗积润; 朱敏

doi:10.11999/JEIT210347

一种准光模式变换器的设计和实验

doi: 10.11999/JEIT210347

杨晨^{1, 2, ,},
郭炜¹,
李文奇^{1, 2},
张志强¹,
罗积润^{1, 2},
朱敏¹

1.
中国科学院空天信息创新研究院北京 100094
2.
中国科学院大学北京 100049

基金项目: 国家重点研发计划(2017YFE0300202, 2017YFE0300200)

详细信息

作者简介:
杨晨：女，1992年生，博士生，研究方向为物理电子学、高功率回旋管

郭炜：男，1977年生，高级工程师，主要研究方向为高功率电子器件的设计、实验和测试

李文奇：男，1994年生，硕士，研究方向为高功率回旋管

张志强：男，1975年生，正高级工程师，主要研究方向为高功率微波源、微波毫米波器件

罗积润：男，1957年生，研究员，主要研究方向为大功率速调管、行波管和回旋管放大器的研制、微波毫米波材料的加工和微波能量的应用

朱敏：女，1976年生，研究员，主要研究方向为高功率微波器件

通讯作者:
杨晨　yangchen315@mails.ucas.ac.cn

中图分类号: TN129; TN814
计量
- 文章访问数: 868
- HTML全文浏览量: 488
- PDF下载量: 73
- 被引次数: 0
出版历程
- 收稿日期: 2021-04-23
- 修回日期: 2021-08-26
- 网络出版日期: 2021-09-15
- 刊出日期: 2022-07-25

Design and Experiment of a Quasi-Optical Mode Converter

YANG Chen^{1, 2
, ,},
GUO Wei¹,
LI Wenqi^{1, 2},
ZHANG Zhiqiang¹,
LUO Jirun^{1, 2},
ZHU Min¹

1.
Aerospace Information Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100094, China
2.
University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China

Funds: The National Key R&D Program of China (2017YFE0300202, 2017YFE0300200)

摘要

摘要: 准光模式变换器是实现高功率回旋管高效输出的重要部件。该文针对140 GHz, TE_28,8模回旋振荡管研制，开展以Denisov型辐射器和3个准光镜面构成的准光模式变换器设计与实验研究。利用标量衍射法优化辐射器辐射口径处的场分布，其与理想高斯场之间的矢量相关性为96.2%；基于几何光学和高斯波束匹配方法设计了聚焦镜面与波束整形镜面，采用3维全波分析软件Surf3D获得各个镜面上及输出窗处的场分布，对所设计的镜面系统进行了仿真验证，在输出窗处获得了高斯模式含量为96.67%的输出波束，整个模式变换器的功率转换效率为93.98%。以自行研制的TE_28,8模激励器作为准光模式变换器的输入，通过对模式变换器转换性能仿真结果验证，在严格控制加工精度及装配和实验过程的基础上，完成了准光模式变换器转换性能的冷测实验。实验结果表明，设计和实验具有合理的一致性，可以作为准光模式变换器工程应用设计和验证手段。
- 准光模式变换器 /
- Denisov型辐射器 /
- 高斯模式含量 /
- 冷测
Abstract: Quasi-optical mode converter is an important component to realize the high-efficiency output for a high-power gyrotron oscillator. In this paper, design and experiments of a quasi-optical mode converter, consisting of a Denisov-type launcher and three quasi-optical mirrors, are carried out for the development of 140 GHz/TE_28,8 mode gyrotron oscillator. Based on scalar diffraction method, the field distribution at the radiation aperture of the Denisov-type launcher is optimized to make the vector correlation of the aperture field with the ideal Gaussian field reach 96.2%. Based on the geometric optics method and the Gaussian beam matching method, the focusing mirror and the beam shaping mirrors are designed. A 3D full-wave analysis software Surf3D is used to obtain the field distribution on each mirror surface and the output window, which shows that the output beam with Gaussian mode content of 96.67% is obtained at the output window. The total power conversion efficiency of the quasi-optical mode converter is 93.98%. The design and experiments of the quasi-optical mode converter are performed to use the output signal of the self-developed TE_28,8 mode generator as its input one under the conditions of the simulated demonstration for its conversion characteristics and the strict control for machining precision as well as the process of the converter assemble and testing. The tested results indicate that the design is in good agreement with the experiment, which is helpful for engineering design and experimental demonstration of the quasi-optical mode converter development.
- Quasi-optical mode converter /
- Denisov-type launcher /
- Gaussian mode content /
- Cold experiment

HTML全文

图 1 辐射器内壁上扰动的幅度和长度

下载: 全尺寸图片幻灯片

图 2 Denisov辐射器内壁面扰动分布

下载: 全尺寸图片幻灯片

图 3 辐射器壁面场归一化幅度分布

下载: 全尺寸图片幻灯片

图 4 辐射器口径场分布

下载: 全尺寸图片幻灯片

图 5 Denisov辐射器辐射场分布(幅度以dB表示)

下载: 全尺寸图片幻灯片

图 6 波束整形镜面的设计过程示意图

下载: 全尺寸图片幻灯片

图 7 镜面系统中各个镜面的大小和轮廓

下载: 全尺寸图片幻灯片

图 8 准光模式变换器系统图

下载: 全尺寸图片幻灯片

图 9 镜面系统中各个镜面与输出窗上的场分布在Y-Z方向的投影(幅度范围为–30～0 dB)

下载: 全尺寸图片幻灯片

图 10 波束在准光模式变换器中的传播路径

下载: 全尺寸图片幻灯片

图 11 以激励器输出作为输入时，准光模式变换器的仿真结果(幅度范围为–30～0 dB)

下载: 全尺寸图片幻灯片

图 12 完成装配的准光模式变换器

下载: 全尺寸图片幻灯片

图 13 准光模式变换器测试系统框图

下载: 全尺寸图片幻灯片

图 14 准光模式变换器测试现场

下载: 全尺寸图片幻灯片

图 15 沿波束传播路径不同横截面处的场幅度及相位分布的测量结果

下载: 全尺寸图片幻灯片

图 16 理想高阶模式与激励场输入下，输出窗处(离轴160 mm)的场分布仿真结果

下载: 全尺寸图片幻灯片

表 1 镜面与输出窗在系统坐标系中的位置

镜面中心位置(mm) 与z轴夹角(°)

镜面1 (59.5,0,212.7) 0
镜面2 (–60,0,268.6) 11.1
镜面3 (100,0,442.3) 23.7
输出窗 (–160,0,442.3) 0

下载: 导出CSV

参考文献(30)

[1]	NUSINOVICH G S, THUMM M K A, and PETELIN M I. The gyrotron at 50: Historical overview[J]. Journal of Infrared, Millimeter, and Terahertz Waves, 2014, 35(4): 325–381. doi: 10.1007/s10762-014-0050-7
[2]	VLASOV S N and ORLOVA I M. Quasioptical transformer which transforms the waves in a waveguide having a circular cross section into a highly directional wave beam[J]. Radiophysics and Quantum Electronics, 1974, 17(1): 115–119. doi: 10.1007/BF01037072
[3]	VLASOV S N. Transformation of a whispering gallery mode, propagating in a circular waveguide, into a beam of waves[J]. Radiofizika, 1972, 15(4): 14–17.
[4]	DENISOV G G, KUFTIN A N, MALYGIN V I, et al. 110 Ghz gyrotron with a built-in high-efficiency converter[J]. International Journal of Electronics, 1992, 72(5/6): 1079–1091. doi: 10.1080/00207219208925634
[5]	DOANE J L. Propagation and mode coupling in corrugated and smooth-wall circular waveguides[J]. Infrared and Millimeter Waves, 1985, 13: 123–170.
[6]	JIN Jianbo, THUMM M, GANTENBEIN G, et al. A numerical synthesis method for hybrid-type high-power gyrotron launchers[J]. IEEE Transactions on Microwave Theory and Techniques, 2017, 65(3): 699–706. doi: 10.1109/TMTT.2016.2630060
[7]	KIM S G, KIM D S, CHOE M S, et al. Cold testing of quasi-optical mode converters using a generator for non-rotating high-order gyrotron modes[J]. Review of Scientific Instruments, 2014, 85(10): 104709. doi: 10.1063/1.4898180
[8]	JIN Jianbo, GANTENBEIN G, THUMM M, et al. A hybrid-type 170 GHz gyrotron launcher for the TE32, 9 mode[C]. 2015 IEEE International Vacuum Electronics Conference (IVEC), Beijing, China, 2015: 1–2.
[9]	MAREK A, JIN Jianbo, JELONNEK J, et al. Development of an advanced vector analysis code for simulation of electromagnetic fields in quasi-optical systems of high power gyrotrons[C]. 2017 Eighteenth International Vacuum Electronics Conference (IVEC), London, UK, 2017: 1–2.
[10]	JIN Jianbo, GANTENBEIN G, RUESS T, et al. Design of a quasi-optical mode converter for a dual-frequency coaxial-cavity gyrotron[C]. 2019 44th International Conference on Infrared, Millimeter, and Terahertz Waves (IRMMW-THz), Paris, France, 2019: 1–2.
[11]	RUESS T, AVRAMIDIS K A, GANTENBEIN G, et al. Automated generation of high-order modes for tests of quasi-optical systems of gyrotrons for W7-X stellarator[C]. 2019 12th German Microwave Conference (GeMiC), Stuttgart, Germany, 2019: 226–228. doi: 10.23919/GEMIC.2019.8698142.
[12]	ALARIA M K, SINGH N, SINGH U, et al. Development of 170 GHz, 0.1 MW short pulse gyrotron[J]. Fusion Engineering and Design, 2019, 144: 87–92. doi: 10.1016/j.fusengdes.2019.04.073
[13]	WANG Bin, HE Hong, LIU Yunlong, et al. Design of quasi-optical mode converter for 140 GHz gyrotron[J]. High Power Laser and Particle Beams, 2015, 27(11): 113002. doi: 10.11884/HPLPB201527.113002
[14]	XU Wenjian, YU Xinhua, LI Simin, et al. The design of a new type of quasi-optical mode converter mirror system[C]. 2015 IEEE International Conference on Communication Problem-Solving (ICCP), Guilin, China, 2015: 419–421. doi: 10.1109/ICCPS.2015.7454191.
[15]	WANG Wei, SONG Tao, LIU Diwei, et al. Design of a high-efficiency quasi-optical mode converter for a 0.42 THz-TE17, 4 gyrotron[J]. Journal of University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, 2018, 47(6): 840–846. doi: 10.3969/j.issn.1001-0548.2018.06.007
[16]	XIA Dong, JIN Ming, and BAI Ming. Poynting vector method for reflector beam shaping[J]. IEEE Antennas and Wireless Propagation Letters, 2019, 18(4): 664–668. doi: 10.1109/lawp.2019.2900718
[17]	ZHAO Guohui, XUE Qianzhong, WANG Yong, et al. Design of quasi-optical mode converter for 170-GHz TE_{32, 9}-mode high-power gyrotron[J]. IEEE Transactions on Plasma Science, 2019, 47(5): 2582–2589. doi: 10.1109/tps.2019.2908503
[18]	边慧琦, 杜朝海, 潘石, 等. 太赫兹宽带Denisov型准光模式变换器的设计分析[J]. 红外与毫米波学报, 2020, 39(5): 567–575. doi: 10.11972/j.issn.1001-9014.2020.05.006 BIAN Huiqi, DU Chaohai, PAN Shi, et al. Design and analysis of a broadband quasi-optical mode converter with a denisov launcher[J]. Journal of Infrared and Millimeter Waves, 2020, 39(5): 567–575. doi: 10.11972/j.issn.1001-9014.2020.05.006
[19]	黄麒力, 孙迪敏, 马国武, 等. 双频回旋管内置准光模式变换器设计[J]. 强激光与粒子束, 2020, 32(5): 053001. doi: 10.11884/HPLPB202032.190446 HUANG Qili, SUN Dimin, MA Guowu, et al. Design of quasi-optical mode converter for dual-frequency gyrotron[J]. High Power Laser and Particle Beams, 2020, 32(5): 053001. doi: 10.11884/HPLPB202032.190446
[20]	WANG Lina, NIU Xinjian, LIU Yinghui, et al. High-order rotating mode generator using quasi-optical techniques[J]. IEEE Transactions on Plasma Science, 2020, 48(10): 3495–3500. doi: 10.1109/TPS.2020.3020953
[21]	WANG Wei, SONG Tao, LIU Diwei, et al. Quasi-optical mode converter for a 0.42-THz TE₂₆ mode pulsed gyrotron oscillator[J]. IEEE Transactions on Plasma Science, 2016, 44(10): 2406–2409. doi: 10.1109/tps.2016.2603161
[22]	赵国慧, 薛谦忠, 王勇, 等. W波段回旋管准光模式变换器的研究[J]. 电子与信息学报, 2018, 40(7): 1767–1773. doi: 10.11999/JEIT170998 ZHAO Guohui, XUE Qianzhong, WANG Yong, et al. Investigation of quasi-optical mode converter for W band gyrotron[J]. Journal of Electronics &Information Technology, 2018, 40(7): 1767–1773. doi: 10.11999/JEIT170998
[23]	WANG Wei, ZHANG Ning, SONG Tao, et al. Quasi-optical mode converter for a 0.42 THz TE17, 4 gyrotron[C]. 2018 43rd International Conference on Infrared, Millimeter, and Terahertz Waves (IRMMW-THz), Nagoya, Japan, 2018: 1–2.
[24]	LIU Bentian, FENG Jinjun, ZHANG Yichi, et al. Study of 140GHz and 170GHz gyrotrons for fusion plasma ECRH[C]. 2019 International Vacuum Electronics Conference (IVEC), Busan, South Korea, 2019: 1–2.
[25]	胡林林, 马国武, 孙迪敏, 等. 28 GHz/50 kW准光输出连续波回旋管[J]. 强激光与粒子束, 2019, 31(6): 060101. doi: 10.11884/HPLPB201931.190139 HU Linlin, MA Guowu, SUN Dimin, et al. A 28 GHz/50 kW continuous wave gyrotron with quasi-optical output[J]. High Power Laser and Particle Beams, 2019, 31(6): 060101. doi: 10.11884/HPLPB201931.190139
[26]	PAN Yuanyuan, WANG Lina, LIU Jianwei, et al. Design and experiments of 94 GHz Gyrotron for non-lethal biological effects of millimeter wave radiation[J]. Journal of Infrared and Millimeter Waves, 2020, 39(2): 163–168. doi: 10.11972/j.issn.1001-9014.2020.02.005
[27]	杨晨, 郭炜, 李志贤, 等. 高阶体模准光模式激励器的设计与实验[J]. 红外与毫米波学报, 2021, 40(6): 768–777. doi: 10.11972/j.issn.1001-9014.2021.02.001 YANG Chen, GUO Wei, LI Zhixian, et al. Design and experiments of a high-order body mode generator using quasi-optical technology[J]. Journal of Infrared and Millimeter Waves, 2021, 40(6): 768–777. doi: 10.11972/j.issn.1001-9014.2021.02.001
[28]	LI Zhixian, ZHANG Zhiqiang, JIAO Menglong, et al. Simulation and analysis of the TE28, 8 mode excitation in an open resonant cavity of gyrotron[C]. 2020 IEEE 21st International Conference on Vacuum Electronics (IVEC), Monterey, Spain, 2020: 413–414.
[29]	THUMM M, YANG X, ARNOLD A, et al. A high-efficiency quasi-optical mode converter for a 140-GHz 1-MW CW gyrotron[J]. IEEE Transactions on Electron Devices, 2005, 52(5): 818–824. doi: 10.1109/ted.2005.845791
[30]	金践波. 同轴腔回旋管准光学模式转换器[D]. [博士论文], 西南交通大学, 2006. JIN Jianbo. Quasi-optical mode converter for a coaxial cavity gyrotron[D]. [Ph. D. dissertation], Southwest Jiaotong University, 2006.