Minimal Coverage Model for Fault-Tolerant Controller Placement in Software Defined Networks
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摘要:
容错控制平面通过将多个控制器部署在不同的网络设备上进而增强网络的可靠性，但是大量的控制器部署带来了巨大的布局成本，严重地限制了容错控制平面在实际网络中的部署与应用。为了解决上述问题，该文首先构造了容错控制平面的最小覆盖布局模型，然后设计了一种基于局部搜索策略的启发式控制器布局算法，避免搜索结果陷入局部最优解。在不同规模网络中的仿真结果表明，相对于其他算法，所提算法可以在保证网络容错需求的同时，降低网络中部署控制器的数量。
Abstract:In order to deploy fault-tolerant Software-Defined Networks(SDN), many controllers must be physically distributed among different network devices. However, a large number of controllers bring huge costs, which limits severely the application of the fault-tolerant control plane to the real networks. In order to solve the above problems, the fault-tolerant control plane is analyzed and a mathematical model that covers all switches using the least number of controllers is constructed. Then, a heuristic controller placement algorithm based on the local search strategy is proposed to avoid the local optimal solution. The experimental results show that compared with other algorithms, the proposed algorithm can effectively reduce the number of required controllers while ensuring network fault tolerance requirements in different scale networks.
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算法1 控制器布局搜索CAA 输入：网络拓扑$G$，交换机集合$S$ 输出：控制器布局$P$ 步骤1 计算每一个交换机的CCG 步骤2 利用式(13)计算交换机的分配顺序 步骤3 While ($S$) 步骤4 $s \leftarrow {\rm{order}}\left( S \right)$, $S \leftarrow S - \left\{ s \right\}$ 步骤5 随机选择1个${\rm{CCG}}$ 步骤6 $P \leftarrow {\rm{CCG}}$ 步骤7 ${\rm{Load}} \leftarrow {\rm{Load}}\left( P \right)$ 步骤8 利用式(11)更新交换机的分配顺序 步骤9 End While 步骤10 输出控制器布局$P$ 
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算法2 基于局部搜索算法的控制器布局算法LSCPA 输入：网络拓扑$G$，交换机集合$S$，最大迭代次数${l_{\max }}$ 输出：优化后的控制器布局$P*$ 步骤1 运行CAA得到控制器初始布局${P_{\rm{0}}}$ 步骤2 $l = 0$ 步骤3 While ($l \le {l_{\max } }$) 步骤4 计算变异算子${\rm{wp}}$ 步骤5 ${P_{l + 1}}\mathop \leftarrow \limits^{} {\rm{Update}}\left( {{P_l}} \right)$ 步骤6 If (${\rm{Num}}\left( {{P_{l + 1}}} \right) < {\rm{Num}}\left( {{P_l}} \right)$) 步骤7 $P* = {P_{l + 1}}$ 步骤8 $l = {\rm{0}}$ 步骤9 ${P_l} = P*$ 步骤10 else 步骤11 $P* = {P_l}$ 步骤12 $l = l + 1$ 步骤13 End If 步骤14 End While 步骤15 输出控制器布局$P*$
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