Banknote Recognition Research Based on Improved Deep Convolutional Neural Network
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摘要: 针对如何提高纸币识别率的问题，该文提出一种改进深度卷积神经网络(DCNN)的纸币识别算法。该算法首先通过融合迁移学习、带泄露整流(Leaky ReLU)函数、批量归一化(BN)和多层次残差单元构造深度卷积层，对输入的不同尺寸纸币进行稳定而快速的特征提取与学习；然后采用改进的多层次空间金字塔池化算法对提取的纸币特征实现固定大小的输出表示；最后通过网络全连接层和softmax层实现纸币图像分类。实验结果表明，该算法在分类性能、泛化能力与稳定性上明显优于常用的纸币分类算法；同时该算法也能够满足纸币清分系统的实时性要求。Abstract: In order to improve the recognition rate of banknotes, the improved banknote recognition algorithm based on Deep Convolutional Neural Network(DCNN) is proposed. Firstly, the algorithm constructs a deep convolution layer by integrating transfer learning, Leaky-Rectified Liner Unit (Leaky ReLU) function, Batch Normalization(BN) and multi-level residual unit that perform stable and fast feature extraction and learning on input different size banknotes. Secondly, a fixed-size output representation of the extracted banknote features is obtained by using the improved multi-level spatial pyramid pooling algorithm. Finally, the banknote classification is implemented by the full connection layer and the softmax layer of the network. The experimental results show that the proposed algorithm can effectively improve the recognition rate of banknotes, and has better generalization ability and robustness than the traditional banknote classification method. Meanwhile, the algorithm can meet the real-time requirements of the banknote sorting system.
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表 1 纸币数据库
纸币种类 纸币面值 纸币分类 纸币样本数 训练样本数 测试样本数 人民币(RMB) 5, 10, 20, 50, 100 20 46000 36000 10000 美元(USD) 1, 2, 10, 20, 50, 100 24 38000 25000 13000 欧元(EUR) 5, 10, 20, 50, 100, 200, 500 28 35000 26000 9000 
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表 4 数据库DB3平均识别率(%)
欧元 网格特征[3] 自由掩模[2] VGGNet19[10] PReLU-net[18] BN-inception[16] ResNet-34B[13] 本文算法 500 81.12 84.23 93.25 92.91 94.56 94.93 96.98 200 81.65 82.32 93.24 94.13 94.68 95.12 98.20 100 85.46 86.94 94.12 94.67 95.23 96.11 97.75 50 79.25 83.24 93.20 93.12 94.35 95, 29 96.79 20 83.24 84.52 94.25 95.28 95.64 96.33 98.76 10 85.33 87.12 94.24 94.76 94.19 97.20 97.88 5 84.20 83.52 94.16 93.26 95.12 95.78 97.89
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