基于多尺度细节增强的面部表情识别方法

谭小慧; 李昭伟; 樊亚春

doi:10.11999/JEIT181088

基于多尺度细节增强的面部表情识别方法

doi: 10.11999/JEIT181088

谭小慧^{1, 3},
李昭伟^{1, 4},
樊亚春^2, ,

1.
首都师范大学信息工程学院北京 100048
2.
北京师范大学虚拟现实应用教育部工程研究中心北京 100875
3.
首都师范大学电子系统可靠性与数理交叉学科国家国际科技合作示范型基地北京 100048
4.
首都师范大学北京成像理论与技术高精尖创新中心北京 100048

基金项目: 国家重点研发计划项目(2017YFB1002804)，国家自然科学基金项目(61602324)，浙江大学CAD&CG国家重点实验室开放课题(A1914)

详细信息

作者简介:
谭小慧：女，1977年生，博士，副教授，研究方向为计算机图形图像，虚拟现实

李昭伟：男，1992年生，硕士生，研究方向为情感计算

樊亚春：女，1978年生，博士，副教授，研究方向为计算机图形图像，人机交互

通讯作者:
樊亚春　fanyachun@hotmail.com

中图分类号: TP391.41
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出版历程
- 收稿日期: 2018-11-26
- 修回日期: 2019-02-27
- 网络出版日期: 2019-05-20
- 刊出日期: 2019-11-01

Facial Expression Recognition Method Based on Multi-scale Detail Enhancement

Xiaohui TAN^{1, 3},
Zhaowei LI^{1, 4},
Yachun FAN^{2
, ,}

1.
College of Information Engineering, Capital Normal University, Beijing 100048, China
2.
College of Information Science and Technology, Beijing Normal University, Beijing 100875, China
3.
Beijing Key Laboratory of Electronic System Reliability and Prognostics, Capital Normal University, Beijing 100048, China
4.
Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Imaging Technology, Capital Normal University, Beijing 100048, China

Funds: The National Key R&D Program of China(2017YFB1002804), The National Natural Science Foundation of China(61602324), The Open Project of State Key Lab of CAD & CG, Zhejiang University(A1914)

摘要

摘要: 人类面部表情是其心理情绪变化的最直观刻画，不同人的面部表情具有很大差异，现有表情识别方法均利用面部统计特征区分不同表情，其缺乏对于人脸细节信息的深度挖掘。根据心理学家对面部行为编码的定义可以看出，人脸的局部细节信息决定了其表情意义。因此该文提出一种基于多尺度细节增强的面部表情识别方法，针对面部表情受图像细节影响较大的特点，提出利用高斯金字塔提取图像细节信息，并对图像进行细节增强，从而强化人脸表情信息。针对面部表情的局部性特点，提出利用层次结构的局部梯度特征计算方法，描述面部特征点局部形状特征。最后，使用支持向量机(SVM)对面部表情进行分类。该文在CK+表情数据库中的实验结果表明，该方法不仅验证了图像细节对面部表情识别过程的重要作用，而且在小规模训练数据下也能够得到非常好的识别结果，表情平均识别率达到98.19%。
- 表情识别 /
- 图像金字塔 /
- 高斯差分 /
- 细节增强 /
- 支持向量机
Abstract: Facial expression is the most intuitive description of changes in psychological emotions, and different people have great differences in facial expressions. The existing facial expression recognition methods use facial statistical features to distinguish among different expressions, but these methods are short of deep exploration for facial detail information. According to the definition of facial behavior coding by psychologists, it can be seen that the local detail information of the face determines the meaning of facial expression. Therefore, a facial expression recognition method based on multi-scale detail enhancement is proposed, because facial expression is much more affected by the image details than other information, the method proposed in this paper extracts the image detail information with the Gaussian pyramid firstly, thus the image is enhanced in detail to enrich the facial expression information. Secondly, for the local characteristics of facial expressions, a local gradient feature calculation method is proposed based on hierarchical structure to describe the local shape features of facial feature points. Finally, facial expressions are classified using a Support Vector Machine (SVM). The experimental results in the CK+ expression database show that the method not only proves the important role of image detail in facial expression recognition, but also obtains very good recognition results under small-scale training data. The average recognition rate of expressions reaches 98.19%.
- Expression recognition /
- Image pyramid /
- Gauss difference /
- Detail enhancement /
- Support Vector Machine(SVM)

HTML全文

图 1 多尺度细节增强人脸表情识别流程

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图 2 特征点分布图

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图 3 高斯图像差分

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图 4 细节特征叠加图像

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图 5 细节增强前后对比

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图 6 像素区域

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图 7 特征点及区域图

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图 8 CK+表情库7种表情示例图像

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图 9 实验结果比较

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图 10 P-R曲线

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图 11 多尺度细节增强效果对比图

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表 1 高斯模糊半径取值的最优识别率(%)

高斯核	中性	愤怒	厌恶	恐惧	微笑	悲伤	惊讶	整体
K₁	98.00	99.33	100	96.67	100	94.67	96.00	97.81
K₂	96.00	98.67	100	95.33	100	96.67	98.00	97.81

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表 2 表情识别率分布表(%)

	中性	愤怒	厌恶	恐惧	高兴	悲伤	惊讶
中性	98.00	0	0	0	0	2.00	0
愤怒	0	100.00	0	0	0	0	0
厌恶	0	0	99.33	0	0	0.67	0
恐惧	0	0	0	95.33	2.67	0	2.00
高兴	0	0	0	0	100	0	0
悲伤	3.33	0	0	0	0	96.67	0
惊讶	1.33	0	0	0.67	0	0	98.00

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表 3 本文方法与CNN与LeNet-5方法比较(%)

方法	中性	愤怒	厌恶	恐惧	微笑	悲伤	惊讶	整体
CNN^[11]	95.15	91.11	99.44	92.00	100	82.14	98.80	95.75
LeNet-5^[15]	65.37	76.30	87.59	80.92	94.26	82.23	94.55	83.74
本文方法	98.00	100	99.33	95.33	100	96.67	98.00	98.19

下载: 导出CSV

表 4 不同方法识别率对比(%)

方法	识别率
LBP^[16]	92.30
Gabor^[17]	98.10
CNN^[11]	95.75
I²CNN^[12]	96.20
LeNet-5^[15]	83.74
本文方法	98.19

下载: 导出CSV

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