超短基线电磁脉冲阵在电磁辐射源测向中的应用

渠晓东; 孙阳; 陈冲; 石俊龙; 许鑫; 李巨涛; 朱万华; 方广有

doi:10.11999/JEIT180516

超短基线电磁脉冲阵在电磁辐射源测向中的应用

doi: 10.11999/JEIT180516

渠晓东^{1, 2},
孙阳³,
陈冲³,
石俊龙³,
许鑫^{1, 2},
李巨涛^{1, 2, ,},
朱万华^{1, 2},
方广有^{1, 2}

1.
中国科学院电磁辐射与探测重点实验室北京 100190
2.
中国科学院电子学研究所北京 100190
3.
中国人民解放军96669部队北京 102208

详细信息

作者简介:
渠晓东：男，1989年生，助理研究员，研究方向为极低频/甚低频电磁波传播理论和信号处理技术

孙阳：男，1976年生，工程师，研究方向为电磁信号监测与处理技术

陈冲：男，1988年生，工程师，研究方向为电磁信号监测与处理技术

石俊龙：男，1988年生，工程师，研究方向为电磁信号监测与处理技术

许鑫：男，1986年生，助理研究员，研究方向为低频电磁探测和信号处理技术

李巨涛：男，1976年生，高级工程师，研究方向为控制系统平台研究与设计、嵌入式系统软硬件设计与开发、通信与数据传输技术和信号处理技术

朱万华：男，1982年生，副研究员，研究方向为磁异常信号检测和磁场传感器关键技术

方广有：男，1963年生，研究员，研究方向为超宽带电磁场理论及工程应用、超宽带雷达成像技术、微波成像新方法和新技术

通讯作者:
李巨涛　lijutao@mail.ie.ac.cn

中图分类号: TH763
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出版历程
- 收稿日期: 2018-05-28
- 修回日期: 2018-11-12
- 网络出版日期: 2018-11-23
- 刊出日期: 2019-04-01

Direction Finding for Electromagnetic Radiation Source Using Ultra-short Baseline Array

Xiaodong QU^{1, 2},
Yang SUN³,
Chong CHEN³,
Junlong SHI³,
Xin XU^{1, 2},
Jutao LI^{1, 2
, ,},
Wanhua ZHU^{1, 2},
Guangyou FANG^{1, 2}

1.
Key Laboratory of Electromagnetic Radiation and Sensing Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, China
2.
Institute of Electronics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, China
3.
96669 Troop of the PLA, Beijing 102208, China

摘要

摘要:
为提高电磁辐射源的定位精度，该文提出一种利用光纤方式同步的超短基线电磁探测阵列(CASMA)。该阵列包括5个电磁探测站和1个控制中心，阵元间距约为1 km(基线长度与波长的比值约为0.1)，同步精度可达10 ns。CASMA用来测量20～70 kHz长波发射电台的垂直电场信号，并利用低频电磁干涉成像算法计算发射电台的方位角。通过实验对比可以发现，估计的发射台方位角与真实发射台方位角之间的误差小于0.2°，远远优于传统的波达角估计方法。因此，CASMA对电磁辐射源具有很高的测向精度。根据实验结果，在2500 km范围内，若两CASMA电磁探测阵对电磁辐射源进行交汇定位，定位精度预期可达0.5%·R(R为探测距离)。
- 干涉成像 /
- 甚低频 /
- 超短基线
Abstract:
To improve the location resolution of electromagnetic radiation source, a ultra-short baseline network CASMA (Mini-Array by Chinese Academy of Sciences) is proposed for detection, utilizing optical fiber for timing. CASMA contains 5 electromagnetic detection stations and a control unit. The distance between each pair of stations is about 1 km, meaning that the length of baseline to the wavelength is about 0.1. The timing accuracy is about 10 ns. CASMA is applied to record the vertical electric field emitting by radio transmitters. CASMA utilizes interferometric imaging algorithm to calculate the transmitters’ azimuth. By experiment, the calculated azimuths approach the expected azimuths with deviations are less than 0.2°, showing many advantages over traditional systems or methods. Consequently, CASMA has accuracy direction finding resolution for electromagnetic radiation source. According to the results, the location accuracy may be expected to be 0.5%·R in a 2500 km scope where R is the distance between the electromagnetic radiation source and CASMA using two sets of CASMA for intersection positioning.
- Interferometric imaging /
- Very low frequency /
- Super-short baseline

HTML全文

图 1 超短基线电磁探测阵列站点分布图

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图 2 超短基线电磁探测阵列整体功能图

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图 3 CASMA阵列的布设以及最佳点到各阵元的距离

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图 4 电磁干涉成像算法原理示意图

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图 5 CASMA阵列的系统函数及所用的电台分布位置

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图 6 CASMA探测阵某1 s内的电场信号功率谱密度

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图 7 CASMA电磁探测阵和部分长波电台位置

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图 8 阵列布局及阵列响应分析

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表 1 CASMA电磁探测阵的测向结果

名称(台)	工作频率(kHz)	方位角真实值(°)	距离(km)	方位角估计值(°)	方位角误差(°)	方位角标准差(°)
SQ	68.5	176.41	862.4	176.29	–0.12	3.55
UNID25	25.0	126.95	1284.2	126.76	–0.19	1.02
JJI	22.2	124.14	1777.9	124.09	–0.05	2.62
NDT	54.0	142.88	2105.2	142.98	0.10	2.37

下载: 导出CSV

表 2 同步精度测试结果(ns)

频率(kHz)	(1, 2)	(1, 3)	(1, 4)	(2, 3)	(2, 4)	(3, 4)
1	0.0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0.0
2	0.0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0.0
5	0.0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0.0
10	0.0	9.1	7.4	11.4	9.3	0.0
20	3.4	2.6	3.7	2.2	2.5	0.0
30	2.1	2.1	1.8	2.5	1.6	0.0
40	1.4	1.2	1.2	1.8	1.2	0.0
50	1.1	1.5	0.5	1.3	1.3	0.0
60	0.8	0.8	0.9	1.0	0.8	0.0
70	1.1	0.8	0.8	1.0	0.9	0.0
80	0.8	0.8	1.0	0.6	0.7	0.7
90	0.6	0.5	0.5	0.7	0.7	0.0
100	0.6	0.5	0.6	0.6	0.6	0.0
200	0.2	0.3	0.3	0.3	0.3	0.0

下载: 导出CSV

表 3 在某固定频点处的同步精度

发射源	工作频率(kHz)	系统同步精度(ns)
商丘授时SQ	68.5	～1
韩国UNID25	25.0	～2
日本JJI	22.2	～3
日本NDT	54.0	～1

下载: 导出CSV

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