Micro-motion and Geometric Parameters Estimation of Wide-band Radar Cone-shaped Targets Based on Phase-derived Range
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摘要: 针对传统方法基于宽带回波距离像包络信息提取微动分辨率较低这一问题，该文提出了一种结合宽带回波距离像包络信息和相位信息的微动特征参数化估计新方法。该方法通过对回波距离像包络分段并对各段进行Keystone变换实现距离方位解耦和，得到目标由于微动引起的各散射点相对参考点径向微距变化粗估计。利用粗估计结果提取回波相位信息，由相位测距原理可得到各散射点的精确微距曲线，进而完成进动目标运动及几何参数的估计。相比于只利用距离像包络信息提取微动的传统方法，所提算法可有效提升参数估计精度。仿真实验验证了其有效性和稳定性。Abstract: The traditional method used to extract micro-motion is based on the envelope information of the wideband echo range profile, the estimation accuracy of the traditional method is unsatisfactory. To deal with this problem, a new method for parameter estimation of micro-motion feature is proposed, which is implemented by combining envelope information and phase information of the wideband echo range profile. Firstly, the Keystone transform is performed to each segment obtained by segmenting the envelope of the echo range profile to estimate micro-motion coarsely. Then, the echo phase information is extracted according to the coarse estimation results. The accurate micro-motion curve of each scattering point can be obtained by the principle of phase-derived range. Finally, the estimation of the micro-motion and geometric parameters of the precession target is completed by utilizing the extracted micro-motion curve. Compared with the traditional method, the proposed algorithm can improve the precision of parameter estimation effectively. The effectiveness and stability of the proposed algorithm is verified by simulation experiments.
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表 1 实验锥体目标参数
参数 数值 锥体高度 $H$ 0.96 m 质心到锥顶距离 $d$ 0.64 m 底面半径 $r$ 0.25 m 自旋频率 ${f_s}$ 2 Hz 锥旋频率 ${f_z}$ 3 Hz 摆动频率 ${f_v}$ 0 Hz 进动角 $\alpha $ ${10^ \circ }$ 
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表 2 雷达系统的主要参数
参数 数值 载频 ${f_0}$ 10 GHz 带宽 $B$ 2 GHz 脉冲宽度 ${t_p}$ 10 μs 脉冲重复周期 ${\rm{prf}}$ 1 kHz 驻留时间 $T\,$ 1 s
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表 4 目标参数估计结果
进动频率 ${f\!_c}$ $\left( {\rm Hz} \right)$ 进动角 $\theta $ $\left( {^ \circ } \right)$ 半锥角 $\eta $ $\left( {^ \circ } \right)$ 母线长度 $L$ $\left( {\rm m} \right)$ 锥体高度 $H$ $\left( {\rm m} \right)$ 底面半径 $r$ $\left( {\rm m} \right)$ 真实值 3 10.00 14.5980 0.9920 0.9600 0.2500 基于距离像包络参数估计 3 9.32 13.2000 1.0286 1.0014 0.2349 基于距离像相位参数估计 3 10.30 14.5000 1.0061 0.9740 0.2519
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表 5 参数估计误差率(%)
进动频率 ${f\!_c}$ 进动角 $\theta $ 半锥角 $\eta $ 母线长度 $L$ 锥体高度 $H$ 底面半径 $r$ 基于距离像包络参数估计误差率 0 6.80 9.58 3.69 4.31 6.04 基于距离像相位参数估计误差率 0 3.00 0.67 1.42 1.46 0.76
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