Opportunistic Routing Algorithm Based on Topological Time-varying and Residual-energy Balance in Wireless Sensor Network

To deal with dynamic routing in wireless sensor networks and keep the residual-energy balance of each sensor node, an opportunistic routing algorithm is proposed. At first, based on the second law of thermodynamics and the model of entropy, an opportunistic entropy is proposed to describe each sensor nodes real-time status in wireless sensor network, which the nodes energy and communication distance to the sink node are mainly considered. Then, based on the opportunistic entropy and the Ant Colony Optimization (ACO), an opportunistic routing protocol for wireless sensor network, called ACO for Time Dependent Opportunistic-routing Protocol (ATDOP), is proposed in this paper. In ATDOP, the node with the lowest opportunistic entropy in the sending nodes neighbors, is chosen to store and relay packets at each hop. Finally, the simulation results show that ATDOP performs better on successful delivery ratio, throughput and energy overhead as compared with traditional routing protocols.