A P-band Dual-polarized Ultra-thin Absorptive-transmissive Electromagnetic Surface Using Frequency Selective Surface

SUN Daifei; YANG Huanhuan; LI Tong; LIAO Jiawei; WU Tianhao; ZOU Jing; YANG Qi; CAO Xiangyu

doi:10.11999/JEIT250309

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SUN Daifei, YANG Huanhuan, LI Tong, LIAO Jiawei, WU Tianhao, ZOU Jing, YANG Qi, CAO Xiangyu. A P-band Dual-polarized Ultra-thin Absorptive-transmissive Electromagnetic Surface Using Frequency Selective Surface[J]. Journal of Electronics & Information Technology. doi: 10.11999/JEIT250309

Citation:

SUN Daifei, YANG Huanhuan, LI Tong, LIAO Jiawei, WU Tianhao, ZOU Jing, YANG Qi, CAO Xiangyu. A P-band Dual-polarized Ultra-thin Absorptive-transmissive Electromagnetic Surface Using Frequency Selective Surface[J]. Journal of Electronics & Information Technology. doi: 10.11999/JEIT250309

Citation:

SUN Daifei, YANG Huanhuan, LI Tong, LIAO Jiawei, WU Tianhao, ZOU Jing, YANG Qi, CAO Xiangyu. A P-band Dual-polarized Ultra-thin Absorptive-transmissive Electromagnetic Surface Using Frequency Selective Surface[J]. Journal of Electronics & Information Technology. doi: 10.11999/JEIT250309

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A P-band Dual-polarized Ultra-thin Absorptive-transmissive Electromagnetic Surface Using Frequency Selective Surface

doi: 10.11999/JEIT250309 cstr: 32379.14.JEIT250309

1.
College of Information and Navigation, Air Force Engineering University, Xi’an 710077, China
2.
Mianyang Vocational and Technical College, Mianyang 621000, China

Funds: The National Natural Science Foundation of China (62371466, 62401618, 62171460), The Natural Science Basic Research Program of Shaanxi Province (2024JC-ZDXM-39, 2025JC-YBMS-708, 20220104, 2020022)

Received Date: 2025-04-25
Rev Recd Date: 2025-08-01

Available Online: 2025-08-11

Abstract

Abstract

Objective Frequency Selective Surfaces (FSS), as artificial ElectroMagnetic (EM) periodic structures, regulate the transmission and reflection of EM waves. Radomes integrating FSS can protect antennas, preserve the aerodynamic profile of radio-frequency systems, shape spatial scattering field distributions, and suppress backward Radar Cross Section (RCS). However, when illuminated by multiple radars, such radomes often fail to maintain low detectability due to their inability to achieve bistatic low RCS. Recent efforts have focused on developing absorptive structures based on FSS, where active FSS-based absorbers offer adaptive tunability across frequency and time domains. Nonetheless, achieving absorption in the P-band remains challenging due to the inherent limitations of existing dielectric materials. While FSS bandpass properties are frequently employed in radomes and the tunability of active FSS supports the design of reconfigurable absorbers, the two functionalities have largely been pursued independently, resulting in limited multifunctional surface designs. This study proposes a P-band ultra-thin absorber using FSS composed of cascaded unit cells with gradually curved meander lines. By exploiting the distinct equivalent circuit characteristics of absorbing and transmitting FSS structures, an integrated system is developed that enables both EM wave transmission and tunable wideband absorption in the P-band. Methods This paper proposes a novel design method for a dual-polarized, ultra-thin absorptive-transmissive EM surface element operating in the P-band, based on the FSS technique. The method uses cascaded elements with a gradient-bending structure to increase the effective current path length and incorporates lumped components to achieve wideband tunable absorption at low frequencies. By analyzing the equivalent circuit characteristics of both absorptive and transmissive FSS-based elements, an integrated absorptive-transmissive structure is developed. The difference in their equivalent circuits effectively suppresses mutual coupling, enabling the relatively independent design of absorptive and transmissive functions. To demonstrate this approach, a dual-polarized ultra-thin EM surface element is designed that simultaneously exhibits high transmittance and tunable wideband absorptivity. The step-by-step design process is presented, and the operating mechanism of the proposed element is thoroughly analyzed. Results and Discussions Both simulation and experimental results confirm that the proposed integrated element achieves dual-polarized absorptive performance in the P-band and dual-polarized transmissive performance in the C-band. The element features an ultra-thin profile, requires few lumped components, and exhibits a broad operational bandwidth. Notably, the proposed method combines equivalent circuit modeling with field-based analysis to facilitate the design of multifunctional EM surfaces, thereby streamlining the integration of absorptive and transmissive functionalities within a single structure. Conclusions Structural absorbers face a fundamental trade-off between achieving efficient low-frequency absorption and maintaining a low profile or lightweight design, making the development of P-band absorbing surfaces particularly challenging. FSS, commonly used in radomes, also offer potential for tunable absorber design. This study integrates both functionalities to develop a multifunctional EM surface capable of simultaneous wave absorption and transmission, based on an FSS architecture. When irradiated from one direction, the surface achieves absorptivity above 0.9 across 0.34～1.1 GHz. When irradiated from the opposite direction, it exhibits transmittivity exceeding 0.8 over 4.26～4.48 GHz. These two functions operate with relative independence. The proposed structure features a wide operational bandwidth, ultra-thin profile, and minimal reliance on electronic components. The method enables not only effective P-band absorption but also the integrated design of multifunctional EM surfaces. It offers strong scalability and holds significant potential for future applications.
- Frequency Selective Surface (FSS),
- Absorptivity,
- P-band,
- Transmittivity,
- Integration

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References(28)

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