Research on Background Ionospheric Impacts Imposed by Spatio-temporal Variations on Spaceborne Synthetic Aperture Radar Azimuth Imaging

Yongsheng ZHANG; Yifei JI; Zhen DONG

doi:10.11999/JEIT200777

Volume 43 Issue 10

Oct. 2021

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Yongsheng ZHANG, Yifei JI, Zhen DONG. Research on Background Ionospheric Impacts Imposed by Spatio-temporal Variations on Spaceborne Synthetic Aperture Radar Azimuth Imaging[J]. Journal of Electronics & Information Technology, 2021, 43(10): 2781-2789. doi: 10.11999/JEIT200777

Citation:

Yongsheng ZHANG, Yifei JI, Zhen DONG. Research on Background Ionospheric Impacts Imposed by Spatio-temporal Variations on Spaceborne Synthetic Aperture Radar Azimuth Imaging[J]. Journal of Electronics & Information Technology, 2021, 43(10): 2781-2789. doi: 10.11999/JEIT200777

Citation:

Yongsheng ZHANG, Yifei JI, Zhen DONG. Research on Background Ionospheric Impacts Imposed by Spatio-temporal Variations on Spaceborne Synthetic Aperture Radar Azimuth Imaging[J]. Journal of Electronics & Information Technology, 2021, 43(10): 2781-2789. doi: 10.11999/JEIT200777

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Research on Background Ionospheric Impacts Imposed by Spatio-temporal Variations on Spaceborne Synthetic Aperture Radar Azimuth Imaging

doi: 10.11999/JEIT200777

College of Electronic Science and Technology, National University of Defense Technology, Changsha 410073, China

Funds: The National Natural Science Foundation of China(61501477)

Received Date: 2020-09-02
Rev Recd Date: 2021-03-04

Available Online: 2021-03-22

Publish Date: 2021-10-18

Abstract

Abstract

In spaceborne Synthetic Aperture Radar (SAR) imaging, the coherence of azimuth signals might be degraded by spatio-temporal variations of the background ionosphere, especially for low-frequency systems. In this paper, the azimuth temporal-varying Slant Total Electron Content (STEC) is attributed to three factors: the spatial- and temporal-varying Vertical Total Electron Content (VTEC), and the propagation path variation. Derivative of each order of the azimuth-varying STEC is analyzed as to each factor. A uniform analytical model is established, that is the third-order Taylor expansion model of SAR azimuth signals influenced by the temporal-varying STEC. The analytical expressions of the azimuth shift and phase errors are derived. Based on this model, thresholds of the varying STEC derivatives are derived for different spaceborne SAR systems. Signal-level simulations are performed by means of the VTEC real data and the International Reference Ionosphere (IRI) model. Numerical analyses and signal-level simulations indicate that the spatial-varying VTEC and the propagation path variation highlight in the low-orbit P-band SAR system, while the temporal-varying VTEC becomes a predominant factor that results in the azimuth temporal-varying STEC in the medium- or high-orbit SAR system. As the carrier frequency decreases and the synthetic aperture time increases, the azimuth imaging performance is more susceptible to the azimuth temporal-varying STEC.
- Synthetic Aperture Radar (SAR),
- Azimuth imaging,
- Ionosphere,
- Spatio-temporal varying background ionosphere

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References(25)

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