一种计算热阴极蒸发率的方法
A METHOD OF CALCULATING EVAPORATION RATE FOR THERMIONIC CATHODES
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摘要: 正 (一)引言 用晶体振荡法测量阴极蒸发率,一般是把阴极当作点蒸发源。这可能是为了便于计算蒸发率。在其它报道,例如文献[3]中,阴极则被当作是平面元蒸发源,蒸发物接受器被当作是阴极面法向上某处的一个平面元。 本文采取有效措施克服了晶体因温度变化引起的振荡频率漂移(晶体谐振频率漂移)对测量蒸发率的影响。这不仅提高了测量蒸发物引起的振荡频率变化(晶体谐振频率变
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Abstract: An improved method using crystal oscillator for measuring the evaporation rate of ca-thodes is proposed, in which the distance between the crystal (substrate) and the cathode (source) is smaller than usually maintained. Thus more evaporation products from the cathode can be received by the crystal, and consequently the method can be used for measuring lower evaporation rate. Formulae for calculating the evaporation rate are derived, and the precision of the these is given. In this paper a method to prevent the resonant frequency change caused by the change of temperature is also given. The experimental result shows that one Hertz resonant frequency shift can be detected while the oscillation frequency is 5 MHz. -
Standard Recommended Practice for Measurement of Sublimation from Thermionic Emitters, ASTM Standards, F53-68 (Reapproved 1978), 274-281.[3]W. C. Rutledge, A.Milch and E. S. Rittner, J.Appl. Phys., 29(1958), 834.[4]王竹溪著,统计物理学导论,人民教育出版社,1961年,第189页.[5]В.Ф.Коваленко著,旭光电子管厂情报室译,热物理过程和电真空器件,国防工业出版社,1981年,第100页.[6]L. Holland编,薄膜微电子学翻译组译,薄膜微电子学,国防工业出版社,1971年,第194, 223页.[7]K. H. Behrndt and R. W. Love, Vacuum, 12(1962), 1.[8]G. Sauerbrey, Z. Physik, 155(1959), 206.
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