Sea Surface Wind Speed Measurement Using GNSS Reflection Signal

This paper introduces the mechanism of sea surface wind measurement using Global Navigation Satellite System Reflection (GNSS-R) signal and sea surface scattered signal theoretical model. Then the delay waveform of sea surface scattered signal is analyzed through numerical integration, and the influence of wind speed, wind direction, GNSS satellite elevation angle, receiver height and receiver speed on this delay waveform is discussed in detail. Based on the above analysis, the algorithm of GNSS-R sea surface wind retrieval is proposed. In order to validate the mechanism of GNSS-R measuring sea surface wind and the accuracy of this algorithm, Hurricane Dennis is used to test. The result shows that GNSS-R wind speed is generally consistent with the observational data for the low-moderate wind speed (20 m/s) and is less than the observational data for high wind speed (20 m/s). Finally, the correction model of GNSS-R wind speed is initially proposed on the basis of the experimental results.