A Novel Method of Bussgang-type Blind Equalization in High-order QAM Systems

A novel multi-modulus method of Bussgang-type blind equalization algorithm in higher-order Quadrature Amplitude Modulation (QAM) systems is proposed. To reduce the steady-state error effectively, an instantaneous switch-mode hybrid algorithm whose associative cost function is formulated by the novel cost function and the Constellation Matched Error (CME) is proposed, and a criterion of circular mode switching decision is designed. Finally, 256-QAM signal is used to simulate, all of these results verify the proposed blind equalization algorithm can achieve good performance in high-order QAM systems.