Multi-projection plane InISAR 3D reconstruction method for complex moving ship targets

LI Ning; NIU Jinfa; WANG Weibin; HU Xingwang; WU Lin

doi:10.11999/JEIT251268

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LI Ning, NIU Jinfa, WANG Weibin, HU Xingwang, WU Lin. Multi-projection plane InISAR 3D reconstruction method for complex moving ship targets[J]. Journal of Electronics & Information Technology. doi: 10.11999/JEIT251268

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LI Ning, NIU Jinfa, WANG Weibin, HU Xingwang, WU Lin. Multi-projection plane InISAR 3D reconstruction method for complex moving ship targets[J]. Journal of Electronics & Information Technology. doi: 10.11999/JEIT251268

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Multi-projection plane InISAR 3D reconstruction method for complex moving ship targets

doi: 10.11999/JEIT251268 cstr: 32379.14.JEIT251268

LI Ning^{1, 2, 3
,
,},
NIU Jinfa^{1, 2, 3},
WANG Weibin⁴,
HU Xingwang⁴,
WU Lin^{1, 2, 3}

1.
School of Computer and Information Engineering, Henan University, Kaifeng 475004, China
2.
Henan Key Laboratory of Big Data Analysis and Processing, Kaifeng 475004, China
3.
Henan Province Engineering Research Center of Spatial Information Processing, Kaifeng 475004, China
4.
School of Electronics and Communication Engineering, Sun Yat-Sen University, Shenzhen 518107, China

Funds: Natural Science Foundation of Henan under Grant (242300421170)

Accepted Date: 2026-03-09
Rev Recd Date: 2026-03-09

Available Online: 2026-03-16

Abstract

Abstract

Objective Interferometric Inverse Synthetic Aperture Radar (InISAR) is a Three Dimensions (3D) reconstruction technique for non-cooperative target. However, the complex 3D rotational motion of the ship target causes unstable Doppler frequency changes, and Inverse Synthetic Aperture Radar (ISAR) imaging inevitably suffers from target overlap and occlusion problems, making high-precision complete 3D reconstruction difficult under a single projection plane. Thus, a multi-projection planes InISAR 3D reconstruction method of complex moving ship targets based on point cloud fusion is proposed. Through efficient and high-precision point clouds registration and fusion supplement target 3D information, significantly improving the 3D reconstruction quality. Methods This method fully leverages the advantages of multi-plane observation from the severe movement of ship targets, extracts the ship’s centerline and estimates the vertical rotation vector via Principal Component Analysis (PCA), to select the optimal imaging time corresponding to different Imaging Projection Planes, completes ISAR imaging and InISAR 3D reconstruction. Secondly, a point cloud fusion algorithm combining Weighted Random Sampling Consensus (RANSAC) and Hierarchical Iterative Closest Point (ICP) is proposed. The random sampling process is optimized through a feature stability weighting strategy, efficiently extracting and matching corresponding feature points in InISAR images, achieving high-precision multi- Imaging Projection Plane (IPP) point cloud fusion. Results and Discussions Experimental results demonstrate that the proposed method significantly enhances reconstruction accuracy and target completeness. For simulated ship point target data, Fig 7 shows excellent results, with a significant reduction in reconstruction error. Signal-to-noise ratio (SNR) analysis reveals that 3D fusion imaging quality improves continuously as SNR increases from –10 dB to 10 dB, maintaining robust fusion performance even under low SNR conditions. For simulated destroyer radar cross section data, this method achieved significant registration results, and the detail recovery and structural integrity of the fused image were significantly improved, effectively solving the problem of incomplete 3D information reconstruction caused by overlapping and occlusion of scattering points. Conclusions To address the issues of low reconstruction accuracy and information loss caused by target rotation, overlapping, and occlusion in traditional InISAR methods for 3D reconstruction of complex moving ship targets, this paper proposes a multi-IPP InISAR 3D reconstruction method based on point cloud fusion. This method employs a PCA optimal imaging time selection strategy, By employing weighted RANSAC and hierarchical ICP algorithms to achieve efficient and high-precision registration and fusion of InISAR point clouds under multiple IPPs, obtaining high-quality 3D reconstruction results. This paper conducts multi-scenario experiments by constructing a ship model with ideal scattering points and an electromagnetic simulation RCS model with occlusion effects, verifying the accuracy of the proposed method under ideal conditions and its applicability in complex real-world scenarios.
- ISAR imaging,
- InISAR reconstruction,
- ship target,
- multi-projection plane,
- RANSAC-ICP

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References(22)

References

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