Performance Analysis of Double RIS-Assisted Multi-Antenna Cooperative NOMA with Short-Packet Communication

SONG Wenbin; CHEN Dechuan; ZHANG Xingang; WANG Zhipeng; SUN Xiaolin; WANG Baoping

doi:10.11999/JEIT250761

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SONG Wenbin, CHEN Dechuan, ZHANG Xingang, WANG Zhipeng, SUN Xiaolin, WANG Baoping. Performance Analysis of Double RIS-Assisted Multi-Antenna Cooperative NOMA with Short-Packet Communication[J]. Journal of Electronics & Information Technology. doi: 10.11999/JEIT250761

Citation:

SONG Wenbin, CHEN Dechuan, ZHANG Xingang, WANG Zhipeng, SUN Xiaolin, WANG Baoping. Performance Analysis of Double RIS-Assisted Multi-Antenna Cooperative NOMA with Short-Packet Communication[J]. Journal of Electronics & Information Technology. doi: 10.11999/JEIT250761

Citation:

SONG Wenbin, CHEN Dechuan, ZHANG Xingang, WANG Zhipeng, SUN Xiaolin, WANG Baoping. Performance Analysis of Double RIS-Assisted Multi-Antenna Cooperative NOMA with Short-Packet Communication[J]. Journal of Electronics & Information Technology. doi: 10.11999/JEIT250761

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Performance Analysis of Double RIS-Assisted Multi-Antenna Cooperative NOMA with Short-Packet Communication

doi: 10.11999/JEIT250761 cstr: 32379.14.JEIT250761

School of Physics and Electronic Engineering, Nanyang Normal University, Nanyang 473061, China

Funds: Natural Science Foundation of Henan 252300421813, Philosophy and Social Sciences Research Planning Program of Henan Province 2024ZZX024, Key Scientific Research Projects of Colleges and Universities in Henan Province of China 23A520027 and 24A520032, Young Backbone Teachers of Nanyang Normal University 2023-QNGG-7

Received Date: 2025-08-19
Accepted Date: 2025-11-05
Rev Recd Date: 2025-11-05

Available Online: 2025-11-13

Abstract

Abstract

Objective Numerous existing studies on short-packet communication systems rely on the assumption of ideal transceiver devices. However, this assumption is unrealistic because radio-frequency transceiver hardware inevitably suffers from impairments such as phase noise and amplifier nonlinearity. Such impairments are particularly pronounced in short-packet communication systems, where low-cost hardware components are widely employed. However, the performance of reconfigurable intelligent surface (RIS)-assisted multi-antenna cooperative non-orthogonal multiple access (NOMA) short-packet communication systems with hardware impairments has not been investigated. Furthermore, the impact of the number of base station (BS) antennas and RIS reflecting elements on the reliable performance remains unexplored. Therefore, this paper investigates the reliable performance of double RIS-assisted multi-antenna cooperative NOMA short-packet communication systems, where one RIS facilitates communication between a multi-antenna BS and a near user, and the other RIS enhances communication between the near user and a far user. Methods Based on finite blocklength information theory, closed-form expressions for the average block error rate (BLER) of the near and far users are derived under the optimal antenna selection strategy. These expressions provide an efficient and convenient approach for evaluating the reliability of the considered system. Next, the effective throughput is formulated, and the optimal blocklength that maximizes it under reliability and latency constraints is derived. Results and Discussions The theoretical average BLER results show excellent agreement with Monte Carlo simulation results, confirming the validity of the derivations. The average BLER for the near and far users decreases as the transmit signal-to-noise ratio (SNR) increases. Moreover, for a given transmit SNR, increasing the blocklength significantly reduces the average BLER for the near and far users (Fig. 2). The reason for this improvement is that longer blocklengths decrease the transmission rate, thereby enhancing system reliability. The average BLER for the near user initially decreases before reaching a minimum and then increases as the power allocation coefficient increases (Fig. 3). This trend is due to the fact that increasing the power allocation coefficient reduces the BLER for decoding the near user's signal but increases the complexity of the successive interference cancellation (SIC) process. In contrast, the average BLER for the far user increases as the power allocation coefficient increases. The double RIS-assisted transmission scheme demonstrates superior performance compared to the single RIS-assisted and non-RIS-assisted transmission schemes (Fig. 4). Specifically, as the number of RIS reflecting elements increases, the performance advantage of the proposed scheme over these benchmark schemes becomes increasingly significant. The average BLER for the far user saturates as the number of BS antennas increases (Fig. 5). This is due to the fact that the relaying link becomes the dominant performance bottleneck when the number of BS antennas exceeds a certain value. As the blocklength increases, the effective throughput first reaches a maximum and then gradually decreases (Fig. 6). This is because when the blocklength is too small, a higher BLER results in poor effective throughput. When the blocklength is too large, a lower transmission rate also leads to poor effective throughput. As the quality of hardware improves, the optimal blocklength decreases. This can be justified by the fact that lower hardware impairments reduce decoding errors, meaning that shorter blocklengths can be used to reduce transmission latency while still satisfying reliability constraints. Conclusions This paper investigates the performance of the double RIS-assisted multi-antenna cooperative NOMA short-packet communication system under hardware impairments. Closed-form expressions for the average BLER of the near and far users are derived under the optimal antenna selection strategy. Furthermore, the effective throughput is analyzed, and the optimal blocklength that maximizes the effective throughput under reliability and latency constraints is determined. Simulation results demonstrate that the double RIS-assisted transmission scheme achieves superior performance compared to the single RIS-assisted and non-RIS-assisted transmission schemes. In addition, increasing the number of BS antennas does not always improve the average BLER for the far user due to the relaying link constraint. Power allocation is critical for ensuring user reliability. The near user should carefully balance self-signal demodulation and SIC under a total power constraint. Superior hardware quality enhances short-packet communication efficiency by lowering the optimal blocklength. Future work will focus on developing RIS configuration schemes that simultaneously maximize energy efficiency (EE) and ensure user fairness in NOMA to address the needs of energy-constrained IoT devices.

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