Performance Analysis of Double RIS-Assisted Multi-Antenna Cooperative NOMA with Short-Packet Communication

SONG Wenbin; CHEN Dechuan; ZHANG Xingang; WANG Zhipeng; SUN Xiaolin; WANG Baoping

doi:10.11999/JEIT250761

Volume 48 Issue 1

Jan. 2026

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SONG Wenbin, CHEN Dechuan, ZHANG Xingang, WANG Zhipeng, SUN Xiaolin, WANG Baoping. Performance Analysis of Double RIS-Assisted Multi-Antenna Cooperative NOMA with Short-Packet Communication[J]. Journal of Electronics & Information Technology, 2026, 48(1): 126-134. doi: 10.11999/JEIT250761

Citation:

SONG Wenbin, CHEN Dechuan, ZHANG Xingang, WANG Zhipeng, SUN Xiaolin, WANG Baoping. Performance Analysis of Double RIS-Assisted Multi-Antenna Cooperative NOMA with Short-Packet Communication[J]. Journal of Electronics & Information Technology, 2026, 48(1): 126-134. doi: 10.11999/JEIT250761

Citation:

SONG Wenbin, CHEN Dechuan, ZHANG Xingang, WANG Zhipeng, SUN Xiaolin, WANG Baoping. Performance Analysis of Double RIS-Assisted Multi-Antenna Cooperative NOMA with Short-Packet Communication[J]. Journal of Electronics & Information Technology, 2026, 48(1): 126-134. doi: 10.11999/JEIT250761

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Performance Analysis of Double RIS-Assisted Multi-Antenna Cooperative NOMA with Short-Packet Communication

doi: 10.11999/JEIT250761 cstr: 32379.14.JEIT250761

School of Physics and Electronic Engineering, Nanyang Normal University, Nanyang 473061, China

Funds: The Natural Science Foundation of Henan Province (252300421813), The Philosophy and Social Sciences Research Planning Program of Henan Province (2024ZZX024), The Key Scientific Research Projects of Colleges and Universities in Henan Province of China (23A520027, 24A520032), The Young Backbone Teachers of Nanyang Normal University (2023-QNGG-7)

Received Date: 2025-08-19
Accepted Date: 2025-11-05
Rev Recd Date: 2025-11-05

Available Online: 2025-11-13

Publish Date: 2026-01-30

Abstract

Abstract

Objective Existing studies on short-packet communication systems usually assume ideal transceiver hardware, although actual radio-frequency devices experience hardware impairments such as phase noise and amplifier nonlinearity. These impairments are more evident in short-packet communication because low-cost components are commonly used. The reliable performance of Reconfigurable Intelligent Surface (RIS)-assisted Multi-Antenna Cooperative Non-Orthogonal Multiple Access (NOMA) short-packet communication systems under hardware impairments has not been investigated. Furthermore, the impact of the number of Base Station (BS) antennas and RIS reflecting elements on reliable performance remain unclear. Therefore, this study examines reliable performance for a double RIS-assisted Multi-Antenna Cooperative NOMA short-packet communication system in which one RIS supports communication between a Multi-Antenna BS and a near user, and the other RIS strengthens communication between the near user and a far user. Methods Based on finite-blocklength information theory, closed-form expressions for the average Block Error Rate (BLER) of the near user and far user are derived under the optimal antenna-selection strategy. These expressions provide an efficient and convenient way to assess system reliability. The effective throughput is then formulated, and the optimal blocklength that maximizes this throughput under reliability and latency constraints is obtained. Results and Discussions The theoretical average BLER matches the Monte Carlo simulation results, confirming the validity of the derivations. The average BLER of the near user and far user decreases as the transmit Signal-to-Noise Ratio (SNR) increases. For a given transmit SNR, increasing the blocklength markedly reduces the average BLER for both users (Fig. 2) because longer blocklengths lower the transmission rate, which enhances system reliability. The double RIS-assisted transmission scheme achieves superior performance compared with the single RIS-assisted and non-RIS-assisted schemes (Fig. 3). As the number of RIS reflecting elements increases, the performance advantage of the proposed scheme becomes more evident. The average BLER of the far user saturates as the number of BS antennas increases (Fig. 4) because the relaying link becomes the dominant reliability bottleneck once the BS antenna count exceeds a certain value. As the blocklength increases, the effective throughput first reaches a maximum and then decreases (Fig. 5). When the blocklength is too small, higher BLER results in poor effective throughput. When the blocklength is too large, the reduced transmission rate also leads to poor effective throughput. As hardware quality improves, the optimal blocklength decreases because lower hardware impairments reduce decoding errors, allowing shorter blocklengths to be used to reduce latency while maintaining required reliability. Conclusions This paper investigates the performance of a double RIS-assisted Multi-Antenna Cooperative NOMA short-packet communication system under hardware impairments. Closed-form expressions for the average BLER of the near user and far user are derived under the optimal antenna-selection strategy. The effective throughput is analyzed, and the optimal blocklength that maximizes this throughput under reliability and latency constraints is determined. Simulation results show that the double RIS-assisted transmission scheme achieves superior performance compared with the single RIS-assisted and non-RIS-assisted schemes. Increasing the number of BS antennas does not always improve the average BLER of the far user because the relaying link becomes the limiting factor. Improved hardware quality enhances short-packet communication efficiency by reducing the optimal blocklength. Future work will explore RIS-configuration strategies that maximize energy efficiency and ensure user fairness in NOMA to support energy-constrained IoT devices.

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References(21)

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