Secure Transmission Scheme for Reconfigurable Intelligent Surface-enabled Cooperative Simultaneous Wireless Information and Power Transfer Non-Orthogonal Multiple Access System

JI Wei; LIU Ziqing; LI Fei; LI Ting; LIANG Yan; SONG Yunchao

doi:10.11999/JEIT240822

Volume 47 Issue 2

Feb. 2025

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Article Navigation > Journal of Electronics & Information Technology > 2025 > 47(2): 305-314

JI Wei, LIU Ziqing, LI Fei, LI Ting, LIANG Yan, SONG Yunchao. Secure Transmission Scheme for Reconfigurable Intelligent Surface-enabled Cooperative Simultaneous Wireless Information and Power Transfer Non-Orthogonal Multiple Access System[J]. Journal of Electronics & Information Technology, 2025, 47(2): 305-314. doi: 10.11999/JEIT240822

Citation:

JI Wei, LIU Ziqing, LI Fei, LI Ting, LIANG Yan, SONG Yunchao. Secure Transmission Scheme for Reconfigurable Intelligent Surface-enabled Cooperative Simultaneous Wireless Information and Power Transfer Non-Orthogonal Multiple Access System[J]. Journal of Electronics & Information Technology, 2025, 47(2): 305-314. doi: 10.11999/JEIT240822

Citation:

JI Wei, LIU Ziqing, LI Fei, LI Ting, LIANG Yan, SONG Yunchao. Secure Transmission Scheme for Reconfigurable Intelligent Surface-enabled Cooperative Simultaneous Wireless Information and Power Transfer Non-Orthogonal Multiple Access System[J]. Journal of Electronics & Information Technology, 2025, 47(2): 305-314. doi: 10.11999/JEIT240822

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Secure Transmission Scheme for Reconfigurable Intelligent Surface-enabled Cooperative Simultaneous Wireless Information and Power Transfer Non-Orthogonal Multiple Access System

doi: 10.11999/JEIT240822 cstr: 32379.14.JEIT240822

1.
College of Telecommunications and Information Engineering, Nanjing University of Posts and Telecommunications, Nanjing 210003, China
2.
College of Electronic and Optical Engineering, Nanjing University of Posts and Telecommunications, Nanjing 210023, China

Funds: The National Natural Science Foundation of China (61871238, 62271265)

Received Date: 2024-09-27
Rev Recd Date: 2025-02-21

Available Online: 2025-02-25

Publish Date: 2025-02-28

Abstract

Abstract

Objective The Reconfigurable Intelligent Surface (RIS) is emerging as a promising technology due to its ability to provide passive beamforming gains, which can be seamlessly integrated into existing wireless networks without altering physical layer standards. The integration of RIS with other advanced technologies offers new opportunities for communication network design. In the context of future large-scale Internet of Things (IoT) systems, users are expected to have diverse requirements. These differences in structure and function lead to two distinct receiver operation modes: Power Splitting (PS) and Time Switching (TS). Furthermore, users’ service needs may vary, including energy harvesting and information transmission. In practice, IoT terminals often face energy constraints. Additionally, the network typically operates in an open wireless environment, where the inherent broadcasting nature of wireless channels may introduce security vulnerabilities. To address the diverse service demands in large-scale IoT networks and ensure secure information transmission, this study proposes an RIS-enabled secure transmission scheme for a cooperative Simultaneous Wireless Information and Power Transfer Non-Orthogonal Multiple Access (SWIPT-NOMA) system. Methods The RIS is strategically deployed to assist transmission during both the direct and cooperative transmission stages. The goal is to maximize the secrecy rate of the strong NOMA user, subject to the information rate requirements of the weak NOMA user, the energy harvesting needs of the strong NOMA user, and the base station’s minimum transmission power. To solve this multivariable-coupled, non-convex optimization problem, an alternating iterative optimization algorithm is applied. The algorithm optimizes the base station’s active beamforming, the RIS’s passive beam phase shift matrix in the direct transmission stage, the RIS’s active beam phase shift matrix in the cooperative transmission stage, and the PS coefficient of the strong user. These parameters are iteratively adjusted until convergence is achieved. Results and Discussions The convergence of the algorithm is demonstrated in (Fig. 3). As the number of RIS components increases and the number of iterations grows, the secrecy rate of the strong user (U2) gradually improves until it converges. To evaluate the effectiveness of the proposed scheme, it is compared with several benchmark schemes: (1) The random PS coefficient scheme, where RIS is used in both the direct and cooperative transmission stages, and the PS coefficients for strong user U2 are randomly generated. (2) The random RIS phase shift matrix scheme, where RIS enables both transmission stages, with phase shift matrices for both stages randomly generated. (3) The SDR scheme, in which RIS is used in both transmission stages, and the phase shift matrices are optimized using the SDR method. (4) The RIS-enabled direct transmission scheme, where RIS is used only in the direct transmission stage. The impact of the number of base station antennas on the system’s secrecy rate is shown in (Fig. 4), and the effect of the number of RIS components on the secrecy rate is explored in (Fig. 5). Compared to the other baseline schemes, the proposed scheme achieves a higher secrecy rate for the strong user. Conclusions This paper addresses the challenge of diverse service requirements for users in future large-scale IoT networks and the security of information transmission by designing a secure transmission scheme for an RIS-enabled cooperative SWIPT-NOMA communication system. RIS assists communication in both the direct and cooperative transmission stages. The secrecy rate of the strong user is maximized while considering the information rate requirements of weak NOMA users, the energy harvesting needs of strong NOMA users, and the base station’s minimum transmission power. The proposed optimization problem is a non-convex, multi-variable problem, which is difficult to solve directly. To address this, the problem is divided into several sub-problems, and the active beamforming of the base station, the passive beam phase shift matrix of the RIS in the direct transmission stage, the active beam phase shift matrix of the RIS in the cooperative transmission stage, and the power splitting coefficient of the strong user are iteratively optimized until convergence. Simulation results demonstrate that the secrecy rate of the proposed scheme outperforms that of the scheme where RIS is enabled only in the direct transmission stage. Compared to other baseline schemes, the proposed scheme further enhances the secrecy rate for strong users.

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