Hybrid Geographical Routing Protocol for Internet of Underwater Things

YAN Lei; HE Tiankai; WANG Yiyin; ZHANG Rongxin; LI Xinbin

doi:10.11999/JEIT220048

Volume 44 Issue 6

Jun. 2022

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YAN Lei, HE Tiankai, WANG Yiyin, ZHANG Rongxin, LI Xinbin. Hybrid Geographical Routing Protocol for Internet of Underwater Things[J]. Journal of Electronics & Information Technology, 2022, 44(6): 1966-1973. doi: 10.11999/JEIT220048

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YAN Lei, HE Tiankai, WANG Yiyin, ZHANG Rongxin, LI Xinbin. Hybrid Geographical Routing Protocol for Internet of Underwater Things[J]. Journal of Electronics & Information Technology, 2022, 44(6): 1966-1973. doi: 10.11999/JEIT220048

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Hybrid Geographical Routing Protocol for Internet of Underwater Things

doi: 10.11999/JEIT220048

YAN Lei^{1, 2
,
,},
HE Tiankai³,
WANG Yiyin^{2, 4, 5},
ZHANG Rongxin⁶,
LI Xinbin³

1.
School of Computer and Communication Engineering, Northeastern University, Qinhuangdao 066004, China
2.
Key Laboratory of System Control and Information Processing, Ministry of Education, Shanghai 200240, China
3.
Institute of Electrical Engineering, Yanshan University, Qinhuangdao 066004, China
4.
Department of Automation, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200240, China
5.
Shanghai Engineering Research Center of Intelligent Control and Management, Shanghai 200240, China
6.
Xiamen University Key Laboratory of Underwater Acoustic Communication and Marine Information Technology, Ministry of Education, Xiamen 361005, China

Funds: The National Natural Science Foundation of China (41976182, 61773264, 61873224, 62131020)

Received Date: 2022-01-12
Accepted Date: 2022-05-23
Rev Recd Date: 2022-05-23

Available Online: 2022-05-26

Publish Date: 2022-06-21

Abstract

Abstract

The goal of this paper is to design a routing protocol for IoUT data delivery. It is well known that underwater communication is limited by its channel’s hazardous nature, thus efficient routing protocols are needed to compensate for the challenging environments. Geometric STAteless Routing (G-STAR) is a type of geographical routing protocol that forwards messages in a greedy way and obtains sub-optimal results in most 3-dimensional Internet of Things scenarios. Yet the numerous degrading factors in underwater channels limit severely the performance of the G-STAR protocol. In this paper, a Hybrid G-STAR (H-G-STAR) routing protocol continuing the advantage of G-STAR and specifically adapted for underwater conditions is proposed. By introducing a noncooperative routing tactic based on channel listening, the protocol spontaneously searches for the route with the best channel condition whenever the network condition permits and thus avoiding inferior channels greedy routing might encounter. The simulation results show that the proposed protocol improves the routing performance of the network, obtains a lower Bit Error Rate (BER) in the physical layer than G-STAR and is better adapted for underwater network topologies.
- Internet of Underwater Things (IoUT),
- Underwater channel,
- Geographical routing,
- Noncooperative routing

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References(29)

References

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