基于压电陶瓷传感器的非接触式精准逐拍心率提取方法研究

方震; 白忠瑞; 陈贤祥; 夏攀; 何征岭; 赵荣建

doi:10.11999/JEIT200045

基于压电陶瓷传感器的非接触式精准逐拍心率提取方法研究

doi: 10.11999/JEIT200045

方震^{1, 2, ,},
白忠瑞^{1, 2},
陈贤祥¹,
夏攀^{1, 2},
何征岭²,
赵荣建¹

1.
中国科学院空天信息创新研究院北京 100190
2.
中国科学院大学电子电气与通信工程学院北京 100049

基金项目: 国家重点研发计划(2016YFC1304302, 2018YFC2001802, 2018YFC2001101)

详细信息

作者简介:
方震：男，1976年生，研究员，博士生导师，研究方向为可穿戴技术

白忠瑞：男，1996年生，硕士生，研究方向为非接触生命信息感知技术

陈贤祥：男，1979年生，副研究员，硕士生导师，研究方向为可穿戴技术

夏攀：男，1994年生，硕士生，研究方向为可穿戴技术

何征岭：男，1993年生，博士生，研究方向为健康物联网技术

赵荣建：男，1985年生，博士后，研究方向为生命信息感知技术

通讯作者:
方震　zfang@mail.ie.ac.cn

中图分类号: TP212.3; R318.04
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- 被引次数: 0
出版历程
- 收稿日期: 2020-01-13
- 修回日期: 2020-11-30
- 网络出版日期: 2020-12-04
- 刊出日期: 2021-05-18

Unconstrained Accurate Beat-to-beat Heart Rate Extraction Based on Piezoelectric Ceramics Sensor

Zhen FANG^{1, 2
, ,},
Zhongrui BAI^{1, 2},
Xianxiang CHEN¹,
Pan XIA^{1, 2},
Zhengling HE²,
Rongjian ZHAO¹

1.
Aerospace Information Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, China
2.
School of Electronic, Electrical and Communication Engineering, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China

Funds: The National Key Research and Development Project (2016YFC1304302, 2018YFC2001802, 2018YFC2001101)

摘要

摘要: 心冲击图(BCG)可用于无接触式地监测生命体征。在BCG的逐拍心率提取中，较低的平均绝对误差对于精确地获取用户的心率变异性(HRV)指标具有重要意义。为解决目前大多数方法在逐拍心率计算精度方面的不足，该文设计了一种基于压电陶瓷的心冲击信号采集系统。通过采用合适的传感器外壳结构和采样频率，增加传感器的灵敏度和BCG的时间分辨率；通过对比不同的BCG处理方法并找到BCG中最适合提取精准逐拍心动周期的成分；同时该文提出一种采用AP聚类的自适应模板匹配算法，以准确提取心动周期信息。对15名受试者共5741次心跳数据进行分析，结果显示逐拍心动周期的平均误差为0.48%，平均绝对误差为3.78 ms，心跳覆盖率在97%以上，优于其他同类工作。
- 心冲击 /
- 压电陶瓷传感器 /
- 逐拍心率 /
- 平均绝对误差
Abstract: BallistoCardioGram (BCG) can be used for contactless detection of vital signs. In BCG’s beat-to-beat heart rate extraction, the lower mean absolute error is of great significance for accurately obtaining the user’s Heart Rate Variability (HRV) indicators. In order to solve the shortcomings in the accuracy of beat-to-beat heart rate calculation of most current methods, a BCG acquisition system based on piezoelectric ceramics sensor is designed in this paper. By adopting a suitable structure for the sensor‘s shell and a suitable sampling frequency, the sensitivity of the sensor and the time resolution of the BCG signal are increased. Through the analysis of BCG, the most suitable components in BCG is found to extract beat by beat cardiac cycle. At the same time, this paper proposes an adaptive template matching algorithm using AP clustering to extract accurately cardiac cycle information. Analysis of the data of 5741 heartbeats of 15 subjects shows that the average error of the beat-to-beat heartbeat cycle is 0.48%, the Mean Absolute Error (MAE) is 3.78 ms, and the heartbeat coverage is above 95%, which is better than other similar work.
- BallistoCardioGram (BCG) /
- Piezoelectric ceramic sensor /
- Beat-to-beat heart rate /
- Mean Absolute Error (MAE)

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图 1 BCG不同成分提取结果

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图 2 BCG模板聚类与BCG模板

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图 3 非接触式逐拍心动周期检测准确度验证实验示意图

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图 4 不同频带滤波的BCG模板匹配计算结果

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图 5 ECG-RR间期与不同频率滤波的逐拍BCG-JJ间期折线图

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图 6 受试者1的逐拍RR间期与JJ间期Bland-Altman图

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图 7 各成分误差分布箱型图

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表 1 受试者1的数据处理结果对比

预处理方式	心跳覆盖率(%)	平均绝对误差(ms)	平均误差(%)
3～24 Hz带通滤波	100.00	14.10	1.69
db6小波重构	100.00	11.08	1.33
8～24 Hz带通滤波	98.60	3.46	0.41
二次差分	99.16	5.13	0.61

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表 2 不同预处理方式下逐拍心率提取性能

受试者编号	心跳次数	3～24 Hz带通滤波		db6小波重构		8～24 Hz带通滤波		二次差分
受试者编号	心跳次数	COV(%)	MAE(ms)	COV(%)	MAE(ms)	COV(%)	MAE(ms)	COV(%)	MAE(ms)
1	351	100.00	14.10	100.00	11.08	98.86	3.46	99.15	5.13
2	412	100.00	13.60	100.00	12.42	99.03	4.66	99.03	5.89
3	450	99.56	14.72	99.56	13.28	99.56	5.44	99.11	6.71
4	353	100.00	12.58	100.00	13.80	97.73	2.92	94.33	4.72
5	384	100.00	11.68	100.00	10.12	98.96	3.12	98.96	4.22
6	373	99.46	9.22	98.92	12.03	97.32	2.34	96.78	5.93
7	405	99.51	10.46	99.51	10.10	98.52	4.17	98.52	4.93
8	342	100.00	13.34	100.00	10.32	100.00	4.55	97.08	4.22
9	465	100.00	12.97	99.14	9.98	95.70	3.94	93.55	6.52
10	281	100.00	13.53	100.00	11.16	99.29	3.02	99.29	5.54
11	371	94.61	13.88	94.61	12.01	94.01	3.93	93.12	4.01
12	358	97.77	14.25	97.21	13.28	96.10	3.12	96.10	3.54
13	382	98.43	13.95	98.43	14.88	97.38	4.21	78.53	3.03
14	378	100.00	8.22	97.88	10.25	97.88	3.22	98.12	5.90
15	436	99.54	10.09	99.54	9.34	96.33	4.53	98.62	4.06
平均	382.7	99.26	12.44	98.99	11.60	97.78	3.78	96.02	4.96

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表 3 BCG逐拍心率提取方法性能对比

作者		Bruser等人^[2]	Jiao等人^[15]	Nagura等人^[16]	本文
方法	设备/采样率	床架-应变片/128 Hz	床垫下-四路液压传感器/100 Hz	床腿下-四路压力传感器/200 Hz	床垫下-压电陶瓷传感器/250 Hz
	算法	形状聚类学习模板；混合探测	多示例学习	局部极大值计算模板	BCG成分分解；相关聚类学习模板
	关键参数	1 Hz高通滤波；K-means 聚类特征峰数目N=7；	0.4～10 Hz带通滤波学习器参数T=M=3, β=90	1～8.5 Hz带通滤波；局部最大值选取下界t=0.7 s	8～24 Hz带通滤波； AP聚类相似度s=ρ–1
	数据量	16×26 min	40×5 min	4×10 min	15×5 min
性能	覆盖率(%)	95.94	–	87.10	98.50
	MAE(ms)	16.61	≈30.00	9.80	3.78
	平均误差(%)	1.79	4.07	≈1.30	0.48

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