基于FPGA的快速差频测量系统设计

王粉花; 谢斌; 王华涛

doi:10.11999/JEIT180243

基于FPGA的快速差频测量系统设计

doi: 10.11999/JEIT180243

北京科技大学自动化学院北京 100083

基金项目: 国家自然科学基金(61672094)

详细信息

作者简介:
王粉花：女，1971年生，副教授，研究方向为智能信息处理、模式识别及嵌入式技术

谢斌：男，1995年生，硕士生，研究方向为智能检测技术与设备

王华涛：男，1993年生，硕士生，研究方向为智能检测技术与设备

通讯作者:
王粉花　wangfenhua@ustb.edu.cn

中图分类号: TP274; TH89
计量
- 文章访问数: 2013
- HTML全文浏览量: 538
- PDF下载量: 83
- 被引次数: 0
出版历程
- 收稿日期: 2018-03-16
- 修回日期: 2018-10-16
- 网络出版日期: 2018-10-23
- 刊出日期: 2019-01-01

Design of Fast Differential Frequency Measurement System Based on FPGA

School of Automation, University of Science and Technology Beijing, Beijing 100083, China

Funds: The National Natural Science Foundation of China (61672094)

摘要

摘要:
针对电子测量中如何对基频较高而频率变化值较小的动态信号进行高精度频率测量的问题，引入了差频测量的方法。该文提出一种新型的动态可调的多级差频电路结构，设计了基于FPGA的快速差频测量系统，通过在FPGA上设计快速傅里叶变换(FFT)算法来实现系统的数据处理功能。仿真结果表明，在满足差频条件的基础上，合理设计多级差频电路的结构能够实现高精度频率测量，在进行信号频谱分析时能得到较为准确的结果。实验验证了该测量系统能够实现快速FFT运算，相比于MATLAB软件平台，在数据处理效率上有明显的优势；同时在性能指标满足数据采集要求的前提下，系统可动态调整FFT模型的结构来适应不同规模点数FFT运算的需求。
- 差频测量 /
- FPGA /
- 快速傅里叶变换
Abstract:
For the problem of high precision frequency measurement of dynamic signals with high fundamental frequency and small frequency change value in electronic measurement, a method of differential frequency measurement is introduced. A novel dynamic adjustable multi-stage frequency-difference circuit structure is proposed. The fast differential frequency measurement system based on FPGA is used to design the Fast Fourier Transform (FFT) algorithm on the FPGA to realize the data processing function of the system. The simulation and experimental results show that the structure of the multi-stage differential frequency circuit can be designed with high precision frequency, and the result can be obtained when the spectrum analysis is carried out. The system can realize the fast FFT operation. Compared with the MATLAB software platform, the system has obvious advantages in the efficiency of data processing. The structure of the FFT model can be dynamically adjusted to meet the requirements of FFT operation of different scale points, and the system performance index can meet the requirements of data acquisition system.
- Differential frequency measurement /
- FPGA /
- FFT

HTML全文

图 1 多级差频电路结构

下载: 全尺寸图片幻灯片

图 2 4级差频电路仿真

下载: 全尺寸图片幻灯片

图 3 4级差频电路仿真结果

下载: 全尺寸图片幻灯片

图 4 快速差频测量系统原理框图

下载: 全尺寸图片幻灯片

图 5 乒乓传输数据控制流程图

下载: 全尺寸图片幻灯片

图 6 蝶形运算单元

下载: 全尺寸图片幻灯片

图 7 并行FFT模块框图

下载: 全尺寸图片幻灯片

图 8 FPGA上FFT运算频谱图

下载: 全尺寸图片幻灯片

图 9 MATLAB上FFT运算频谱图

下载: 全尺寸图片幻灯片

表 1 差频电路实验测量数据

f_in=35.00005 kHz		理论频差(kHz)	实测频差(kHz)	绝对误差(Hz)	相对误差(%)
f_ck/f_in	f_ck (kHz)	理论频差(kHz)	实测频差(kHz)	绝对误差(Hz)	相对误差(%)
0.660011	23.100414	11.899636	11.200800	698.836	5.872751
0.663334	23.216715	11.783335	11.433400	349.935	2.969745
0.666668	23.333414	11.666636	11.666700	0.064	0.000549
0.670002	23.450113	11.549937	11.549900	0.037	0.000320
0.673337	23.566816	11.433234	11.433200	0.034	0.000297
0.733337	25.666827	9.333223	9.333200	0.023	0.000246
0.800003	28.000136	6.999914	6.999600	0.314	0.004486
0.866672	30.333548	4.666502	4.666500	0.002	0.000043
0.933337	32.666858	2.333192	2.333200	0.008	0.000343
0.980003	34.300166	0.699884	0.699890	0.006	0.000857
0.990003	34.650168	0.349882	0.349894	0.012	0.003430
1.000003	35.000172	0.000122	0.000132	0.010	8.196721
1.020004	35.700174	0.700124	0.700109	0.015	0.002142
1.200004	42.000206	7.000156	7.000034	0.122	0.001743
1.400005	49.000243	14.000193	14.000069	0.124	0.000886
1.600006	56.000277	21.000227	21.000000	0.227	0.001081
1.800007	63.000318	28.000268	28.000140	0.128	0.000457
1.980007	69.300355	34.300305	34.300280	0.025	0.000073
1.990099	69.653570	34.653520	34.530000	123.520	0.356443
2.000010	70.000463	35.000413	34.640000	360.410	1.029739
2.010011	70.350470	35.350420	34.880000	470.420	1.330734
2.020011	70.700478	35.700428	35.000000	700.428	1.961960

下载: 导出CSV

表 2 差频测量系统和MATLAB数据处理效率

点数	采样频率/待测频率	分辨率(Hz)	相对误差(%)	时间消耗
点数	采样频率/待测频率	分辨率(Hz)	相对误差(%)	差频测量系统t₁×10^–6 (s)	MATALB t₂ (s)	t₂/t₁
64	1.5	8.44	65.12	1.7911	0.0728	40645.41
	2.5	14.06	2.77	1.7911	0.0729	40701.25
	3.5	19.69	4.59	1.7912	0.0729	40698.97
128	1.5	4.22	71.11	3.1821	0.0824	25894.85
	2.5	7.03	1.44	3.1823	0.0825	25924.65
	3.5	9.84	2.51	3.1921	0.0824	25813.73
256	1.5	2.11	68.87	5.4661	0.0927	16959.08
	2.5	3.52	1.24	5.4654	0.0928	16979.54
	3.5	4.92	1.35	5.4657	0.0928	16978.61
512	1.5	1.05	71.12	10.9351	0.1084	9913.03
	2.5	1.76	1.02	10.9332	0.1083	9905.61
	3.5	2.46	1.12	10.9411	0.1084	9907.60

下载: 导出CSV

表 3 量化位数对FFT的影响

量化位数	信噪比(dB)
16	27.10
32	67.83
64	98.43

下载: 导出CSV

表 4 差频测量系统测量误差及分辨率

f_t (kHz)	闸门个数	计数器计数值	f_ck–f_in (Hz)	f_in (Hz)	相对误差(×10^–6)	分辨率(×10^–6)
170.00039	2000	7999371	2000.26227	170000.7777	2.2808	5.81575
170.20039	1800	7999165	1800.28240	170200.7576	2.1598	5.81619
170.40039	1600	7999747	1600.13460	170400.9054	3.0246	5.81629
170.60038	1400	7998135	1400.39997	170600.6418	1.5345	5.81673
170.80039	1200	7998931	1200.22338	170800.8166	2.4978	5.81521
171.00039	1000	7987647	1001.59909	170999.4409	5.5502	5.81764

下载: 导出CSV

参考文献(16)

李存龙, 陈伟民, 章鹏, 等. 采用差频技术的正弦调制型微波测距系统研究[J]. 电子测量与仪器学报, 2014, 28(1): 17–21. doi: 10.13382/j.jemi.2014.01.003

LI Cunlong, CHEN Weimin, Zhang Peng, et al. Research on sinusoidal modulation microwave ranging system based on heterodyne technique[J]. Journal of Electronic Measurement and Instrument, 2014, 28(1): 17–21. doi: 10.13382/j.jemi.2014.01.003

冯冠平. 谐振传感理论及器件[M]. 北京: 清华大学出版社, 2008: 35–40.

FENG Guanping. Resonant Sensor Theory and Device[M]. Beijing: Tsinghua University Press, 2008: 35–40.

樊养余, 李利品, 党瑞荣. 基于随机共振的任意大频率微弱信号检测方法研究[J]. 仪器仪表学报, 2013, 34(3): 566–572. doi: 10.3969/j.issn.0254-3087.2013.03.013

FAN Yangyu, LI Lipin, and Dang Ruirong. Study on high frequency weak signal detection method based on stochastic resonance[J]. Chinese Journal of Scientific Instrument, 2013, 34(3): 566–572. doi: 10.3969/j.issn.0254-3087.2013.03.013

王盟盟, 董瑞芳, 项晓, 等. 基于外差检测原理的绝对测距性能理论研究[J]. 仪器仪表学报, 2016, 37(8): 1861–1868. doi: 10.3969/j.issn.0254-3087.2016.08.018

WANG Mengmeng, DONG Ruifang, XIANG Xiao, et al. Theoretical research for absolute distance measurement based on heterodyne detection principle[J]. Chinese Journal of Scientific Instrument, 2016, 37(8): 1861–1868. doi: 10.3969/j.issn.0254-3087.2016.08.018

刘婉茹, 叶建芳, 孙一萍. 基于Multisim乘法器混频电路的仿真研究[J]. 微型电脑应用, 2016, 32(10): 48–50. doi: 10.3969/j.issn.1007-757X.2016.10.014

LIU Wanru, YE Jianfang, and SUN Yiping. Simulation and study of multiplier mixer circuit based on multism[J]. Microcomputer Applications, 2016, 32(10): 48–50. doi: 10.3969/j.issn.1007-757X.2016.10.014

LIN Ningning, MENG Xiaofeng, and NIE Jing. Dew point calibration system using a quartz crystal sensor with a differential frequency method[J]. Sensors, 2016, 16(11): 1944–1948. doi: 10.3390/s16111944

程坤, 黄庆安, 秦明, 等. 一种简单实用的差频方法原理研究及应用[J]. 电子器件, 2006, 29(2): 473–475. doi: 10.3969/j.issn.1005-9490.2006.02.046

CHENG Kun, HUANG Qingan, QIN Ming, et al. Simple method of improving the differential frequency using D flip-flop[J]. Chinese Journal of Electron Devices, 2006, 29(2): 473–475. doi: 10.3969/j.issn.1005-9490.2006.02.046

徐洋洋. 基于FPGA的多通道大容量FIFO设计[J]. 电子测量技术, 2017, 40(8): 193–197. doi: 10.19651/j.cnki.emt.2017.08.043

XU Yangyang. Design of multi-channel FIFO with mass storage facility based on FPGA[J]. Electronic Measurement Technology, 2017, 40(8): 193–197. doi: 10.19651/j.cnki.emt.2017.08.043

梁晨, 赵邦信. 基于FPGA和DDR3 SDRAM的大规模查找表设计与实现[J]. 电子器件, 2017, 40(4): 849–855. doi: 10.3969/j.issn.1005-9490.2017.04.014

LIANG Chen and ZHAO Bangxin. Design of large-scale look-up table based on FPGA and DDR3 SDRAM[J]. Chinese Journal of Electron Devices, 2017, 40(4): 849–855. doi: 10.3969/j.issn.1005-9490.2017.04.014

梁华国, 孙红云, 孙骏, 等. 一种基于FPGA的微处理器软错误敏感性分析方法[J]. 电子与信息学报, 2017, 39(1): 245–249. doi: 10.11999/JEIT.160225

LIANG Huaguo, SUN Hongyun, SUN Jun, et al. FPGA-based soft error sensitivity analysis method for microprocessor[J]. Journal of Electronics &Information Technology, 2017, 39(1): 245–249. doi: 10.11999/JEIT.160225

WANG Jiawei, YU Le, and YANG Haigang. FPGA based multi-channel variable-length FFT implementation[J]. Journal of Terahertz Science and Electronic Information Technology, 2017, 15(3): 469–474. doi: 10.11805/TKYDA201703.0469

陈杰男, 费超, 袁建生, 等. 超高速全并行快速傅里叶变换器[J]. 电子与信息学报, 2016, 38(9): 2410–2414. doi: 10.11999/JEIT160036

CHEN Jienan, FEI Chao, YUAN Jiansheng, et al. An ultra-high-speed fully-parallel fast fourier transform design[J]. Journal of Electronics &Information Technology, 2016, 38(9): 2410–2414. doi: 10.11999/JEIT160036

CHEN Jiyang, YUAN Wulei, YUAN Xipeng, et al. Configurable floating-point FFT accelerator on FPGA based multiple-rotation CORDIC[J]. Chinese Journal of Electronics, 2016, 25(6): 1063–1070. doi: 10.1049/cje.2016.08.002

黄志洪, 李威, 杨立群, 等. 一种基于与非锥簇架构 FPGA 输入交叉互连设计优化方法[J]. 电子与信息学报, 2016, 38(9): 2397–2404. doi: 10.11999/JEIT151216

HUANG Zhihong, LI Wei, YANG Liqun, et al. An input crossbar optimization method for and-inveter cone based FPGA[J]. Journal of Electronics &Information Technology, 2016, 38(9): 2397–2404. doi: 10.11999/JEIT151216

苏斌, 刘畅, 潘志刚. 基于FPGA的高速浮点FFT/IFFT处理器设计与实现[J]. 中国科学院大学学报, 2015, 32(2): 259–263. doi: 10.7523/j.issn.2095-6134.2015.02.016

SU Bin, LIU Chang, and PAN Zhigang. Design and implementation on high-speed floating points FFT processor based on FPGA[J]. Journal of University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, 2015, 32(2): 259–263. doi: 10.7523/j.issn.2095-6134.2015.02.016

施佺, 韩赛飞, 黄新明, 等. 面向全同态加密的有限域FFT算法FPGA设计[J]. 电子与信息学报, 2018, 40(1): 57–62. doi: 10.11999/JEIT170312

SHI Quan, HAN Saifei, HUANG Xinming, et al. Design of finite field FFT for fully homomorphic encryption based on FPGA[J]. Journal of Electronics &Information Technology, 2018, 40(1): 57–62. doi: 10.11999/JEIT170312

施引文献

资源附件(0)

访问统计