The Range-angle Estimation of Target Based on Time-invariant and Spot Beam Optimization
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摘要: 应用频控阵式多输入多输出(FDA-MIMO)雷达实现目标距离-角度联合估计越来越受到人们的重视，利用FDA同时获得发射波束图在角度和距离的自由度。但其性能因波束图的周期性和时变性而降低。因此，该文基于时间调制和距离补偿FDA-MIMO(TMRC-FDA-MIMO)雷达的新波形合成模型，提出了一种改进的基于旋转不变技术的信号参数估计(ESPRIT)算法。最后，通过距离和角度估计的克拉美罗下界和均方根误差，与固定频偏FDA-MIMO、对数频偏FDA-MIMO雷达系统和多信号分类(MUSIC)算法进行了对比，验证了所提方法的优异性能。Abstract: The application of Frequency Diverse Array and Multiple Input Multiple Output (FDA-MIMO) radar to achieve range-angle estimation of target has attracted more and more attention. The FDA can simultaneously obtain the degree of freedom of transmitting beam pattern in angle and range. However, its performance is degraded due to the periodicity and time-varying of the beam pattern. Therefore, an improved Estimating Signal Parameter via Rotational Invariance Techniques (ESPRIT) algorithm to estimate the target’s parameters based on a new waveform synthesis model of the Time Modulation and Range Compensation FDA-MIMO (TMRC-FDA-MIMO) radar is proposed. Finally, the proposed method is compared with identical frequency increment FDA-MIMO radar system, logarithmically increased frequency offset FDA-MIMO radar system and MUltiple SIgnal Classification (MUSIC) algorithm through the Cramer Rao lower bound and root mean square error of range and angle estimation, and the excellent performance of the proposed method is verified.
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表 1 距离-角度联合估计算法步骤
步骤1 将接收信号矩阵${{U}}$分为两个子阵，
${{{U}}_{\rm{1}}}$和${{{U}}_{\rm{2}}}$两个子阵；步骤2 根据公式(25)的旋转矩阵${{{\varPsi }}_r}$估计目标角度$ {\stackrel{\wedge }{\theta }}_{p}，p\in \left\{1,2,\cdots ,P\right\}$，其中$P$代表目标数量； 步骤3 根据式(25)计算第$p$个目标的权重矢量${{{w}}_p}$； 步骤4 根据式(30)的矩阵${{{\varPsi '}}_t}$估计出目标的距离值${{\mathop r\limits^ \wedge } _p}$，
然后就可以获得目标距离、角度坐标$\left( {{{{\mathop r\limits^ \wedge} }_p},{{\mathop \theta \limits^ \wedge }_p}} \right)$；步骤5 重复步骤3和步骤4来估计其他目标的参数。 
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