Resource Scheduling Based on Multi-factor Priority for High Performance Requirements in Wireless Body Area Network
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摘要: 媒体访问控制(MAC)在确保无线体域网(WBAN)的正常运行方面起着关键的作用。然而，动态环境下紧急数据低延迟和低能耗的高性能需求仍未很好地解决。该文提出一种多因子紧急调度方案(MESS)来满足这样一个严格的需求。首先，针对实际应用场景中数据异质性的特性，设计一种数据分类方法，该方法将数据分为周期数据和紧急数据，这对不同的节点来说更加符合实际情况；其次，设计一种多因子优先级划分方案，包括疾病相关因子、关键程度因子、健康严重程度因子和信息年龄因子，4个因子可以更全面地考虑节点的关键特征；此外，还设计了一种动态时隙分配和排序方法，将节点的时隙依据数据分类和多因子优先级进行动态分配和排序。理论分析和仿真实验结果表明，相较于传统方案所提方案在延迟和能效方面具有明显优势。Abstract: Media Access Control (MAC) plays a pivotal role in ensuring proper operation of Wireless Body Area Networks (WBAN). However, current solutions still cannot satisfy high performance requirements of low latency and energy consumption for emergency data reporting. A Multi-factor Emergency Scheduling Scheme (MESS) is proposed to meeting such a strict demand. First, a data classification method is designed to sort data as periodic data and emergency data, respectively. Unlike consistent data characteristics in other schemes, data heterogeneity is considered in our solution, which is more practical for different nodes. Second, a multi-factor priority division scheme is devised, according to the disease-related factor, critical degree factor, health severity factor and age of information factor. This is a more comprehensive consideration of the key characteristics of the node. In addition, a dynamic slot allocation and sequencing approach is designed, in which time slots of nodes are allocated based on the data classification and multi-factor priority-based ordering. This enhances low latency and guarantees energy efficiency of nodes. Theoretical and simulation results demonstrate the advantages of MESS in terms of delay and energy efficiency.
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表 1 仿真参数
参数 值 参数 值 接收功率$ {P}_{\mathrm{r}\mathrm{e}\mathrm{c}}\left(\mathrm{m}\mathrm{W}\right) $ $ 35 $ 总节点数 $ m $ $ 3\mathrm{～}8 $ 发送功率$ {P}_{\mathrm{s}\mathrm{e}}\left(\mathrm{m}\mathrm{W}\right) $ $ 40 $ 紧急数据节点数 $ n $ $ 2\mathrm{～}8 $ 空闲功率 $ {P}_{\mathrm{i}\mathrm{d}\mathrm{l}}\left(\mathrm{m}\mathrm{W}\right) $ $ 5 $ 最大重传次数 $ r $ $ 3 $ 休眠功率 $ {P}_{\mathrm{s}\mathrm{l}\mathrm{p}}\left(\mathrm{m}\mathrm{W}\right) $ $ 2.7\times {10}^{-3} $ 信标数据量 $ {D}_{\mathrm{B}}\left(\mathrm{b}\mathrm{i}\mathrm{t}\right) $ $ 36 $ 信标速率$ {V}_{\mathrm{B}}(\mathrm{k}\mathrm{b}\mathrm{i}\mathrm{t}/\mathrm{s}) $ $ 10 $ ACK数据量 $ {D}_{\mathrm{A}\mathrm{C}\mathrm{K}}\left(\mathrm{b}\mathrm{i}\mathrm{t}\right) $ $ 36 $ ACK速率$ {V}_{\mathrm{A}\mathrm{C}\mathrm{K}}(\mathrm{k}\mathrm{b}\mathrm{i}\mathrm{t}/\mathrm{s}) $ $ 10 $ 数据量$ {D}_{{k}}\left(\mathrm{b}\mathrm{y}\mathrm{t}\mathrm{e}\right) $ $ 32 $ 数据传输速率$ {V}_{k}\left(\mathrm{k}\mathrm{b}\mathrm{i}\mathrm{t}/\mathrm{s}\right) $ $ 320 $ 电池电量 $ {E}_{\mathrm{b}\mathrm{a}\mathrm{t}}\left(\mathrm{m}\mathrm{A}\mathrm{h}\right) $ $ 560 $ 传输分组转换时间pS (μs) $ 75 $ 同步误差容限$ \mathrm{p}\mathrm{E}\mathrm{S} $(μs) $ 10 $ 定时不确定性mCR (μs) $ 4 $ 符号速率$ {V}_{\mathrm{S}\mathrm{r}}\left(\mathrm{k}\mathrm{b}\mathrm{i}\mathrm{t}/\mathrm{s}\right) $ $ 600 $ 物理层前导码数$ {N}_{\mathrm{p}\mathrm{r}\mathrm{e}}\left(\mathrm{b}\mathrm{i}\mathrm{t}\right) $ $ 90 $ PLCP头的负载数$ {N}_{\mathrm{h}\mathrm{d}\mathrm{r}}\left(\mathrm{b}\mathrm{i}\mathrm{t}\right) $ $ 31 $ 扩展因子$ {S}_{\mathrm{h}\mathrm{d}\mathrm{r}} $ $ 4 $ 传递到扩展器的因子$ {S}_{\mathrm{P}\mathrm{S}\mathrm{D}} $ $ 1 $ 扩大因子U $ 1 $ 调制因子$ M $ $ 4 $ 
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